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PEOCEEDINGS 


DEDICATION   OF   THE   CITY  HOSPITAL. 


"WITH    THE 


ACT    OF    THE    LEGISLATURE,    ORDINANCES    OF    THE    CITY    COUNCIL,    RULES 

AND    ORDERS    OF    THE    TRUSTEES,    RULES    AND    REGULATIONS    OF 

THE  HOSPITAL,   PLANS  OF  THE  BUILDING,  ETC.   ETC. 


BOSTON: 
J.   E.  FAR  WELL  &  COMPANY,  PIirNTEKS    TO   THE    CITY, 


37     CONGKESS     STKEET. 


1  8  G  5 


BOSTON  COLLEGE  UBHaHI 
CHESTNUT  HILU  MASS. 


1H5 


B@Sf  OK  COLLEGE  LIBBAK^f 

5B850 


CONTENTS. 


PAGE 

Preface  5 

Act  of  the  Legislature 19 

Ordinance  of  the  City  of  Boston 20 

Dedication. 

Remarks  of  Alderman  Davis 29 

Remarks  of  Mayor  Lincoln 30 

Response  of  Otis  Norcross 37 

Address  by  Thomas  C.  Amory,  Jr 43 

Rules  and  Regulations. 

Rules  and  Orders  of  the  Trustees 83 

Rules  and  Regulations  of  the  Hospital • 86 

House  Rules 95 

First  Annual  Report. 

Report  of  the  Trustees 101 

Report  of  the  Superintendent 107 

Bequests 128 

Medical  and  Surgical  Staff 130 

Board  of  Trustees 131 


PREFACE. 


As  early  as  the  year  1849,  before  the  cholera, 
then  epidemic,  had  entirely  disappeared,  the  expedi- 
ency of  establishing  a  City  Hospital  was  mooted ;  and 
a  Committee  of  the  City  Council  reported  favorably 
upon  a  project  of  continuing  the  Fort  Hill  Hospital,  as 
a  means  of  alleviating  the  pains  of  "  those  who  suf- 
fer in  their  uncomfortable  and  often  miserable  homes 
when  sick,"  but  who  could  not  enter  the  Massachu- 
setts General  Hospital,  and  who  would  not  go  to  the 
almshouse.  The  principal  physicians  of  the  city  gave 
their  countenance  to  this  project  as  a  temporary  expe- 
dient, expressing  the  hope  that  some  more  adequate 
and  comprehensive  plan  might  be  speedily  adopted  ; 
and  one  of  their  number  suggested  a  reservation  of 
the  city's  land  with  a  view  to  the  erection  of  a  Hospital 
worthy  of  the  city.  Not  even  this  temporary  hospital 
was  established,  however;  for  although  the  then  Board 
of  Aldermen  passed  the  necessary  order,  the  Common 
Council  rejected  it. 


6  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

No  further  steps  were  taken  towards  establishing  a 
City  Hospital  till  the  year  1856,  when  petitions  were 
signed  generally  by  the  medical  faculty  and  officers  of 
the  local  charitable  associations,  urging  the  city  to 
establish  a  Hospital.  These  papers  were  communi- 
cated to  the  Council  of  1857,  by  Hon.  Alexander  H. 
Rice,  then  Mayor,  who  strongly  urged  the  "  need  of 
a  free  Hospital  within  the  limits  of  the  city,"  for  the 
reception  of  those  plunged  into  poverty  by  sickness 
or  sudden  reverses,  who  ought  not  to  be  sent  to  the 
almshouse,  and  for  the  destitute  stranger  and  others 
requiring  temporary  relief  and  care.  The  language 
used  by  Mayor  Rice  would  seem  to  convey  the  idea 
of  establishing  a  purely  "free"  Hospital,  and  as  that 
epithet  was  so  often  applied  to  the  projected  institu- 
tion, and  has  been  even  to  the  one  now  in  operation, 
it  may  be  well  to  quote  from  the  able  report  made  by 
the  special  Committee  on  that  portion  of  Mayor  E-ice's 
address  relating  to  the  Hospital,  their  suggestions  as 
to  the  character  desirable  for  a  City  Hospital, 
especially  as  they  coincide  with  the  present  actual 
regulati  3ns  of  the  Institution :  — 

********  With  this  explanation  of  the 
course  adopted  by  the  Committee,  we  will  first  consider  the 
object  of  the  proposed  Hospital.  This  can  only  be  stated  in 
general  terms,  because  its  arrangements,  extent,  and  details 
must  necessarily  be  modified  according  to  circumstances.  It  is, 
however,  proper  to  state  that  the  term,  *'  City  Hospital,"  would 


PREFACE.  7 

probably  better  express  the  character  and  design  of  the  pro- 
posed institution  than  *'  Free  Hospital ;  "  since  it  appears  from 
the  address  of  the  Mayor,  and  from  the  general  evidence  in 
favor  of  this  establishment,  that  while  its  benefits  are  intended 
to  be  free  to  those  persons  of  temperate  and  industrious  habits, 
who  by  sickness  or  accident  require  that  care  and  attention  for 
which  they  are  unable  to  pay,  yet  where  there  is  the  ability, 
there  is  no  reason  why  a  just  and  proper  amount  should  not  be 
received,  to  aid  in  meeting  the  expenses  of  the  Hospital.  And 
we  have  no  doubt  that  many  of  the  patients  or  their  friends, 
would  prefer  to  pay  something,  in  proportion  to  their  means,  to 
prevent  the  feeling  that  they  were  the  objects  of  public  charity. 
There  is  no  class  in  the  community  in  which  this  sentiment  or 
desire  of  independence  is  so  strong  as  among  that  class  for 
whose  special  benefit  this  Hospital  is  intended  :  and  it  is  one 
which,  as  the  great  barrier  to  pauperism,  cannot  be  too  highly 
commended  and  encourao^ed. 

Hence  we  would  not  have  this  a  Hospital  for  the  reception  of 
the  degraded  victims  of  vice  and  intemperance,  or  a  home  for 
the  hopeless  pauper ;  but  we  would  have  it  regarded  as  an  asy- 
lum for  the  industrious  and  honest  mechanic  and  laborer,  who 
hy  sudden  injury  or  disease  is  temporarily  prevented  from  labor- 
ing for  the  support  of  himself  and  family ;  and  who,  by  proper 
care  and  medical  treatment,  may  have  his  sufferings  alleviated, 
and  be  sooner  restored  to  his  health  and  his  family,  and  enabled 
to  resume  his  labor.  We  would  have  it  a  home,  to  which  the 
respectable  domestic  may  be  sent  when  struck  down  by  sick- 
ness, whose  attic  chambers  cannot  be  made  comfortable,  and 
who  cannot  receive  the  requisite  attendance,  however  well  dis- 
posed may  be  the  family  in  which  she  resides.  We  would  open 
its  doors  to  the  stranger  overtaken  by  disease,  when  absent 
from  friends  and  home,  and  to  all  others  among  the  various 
classes  of  society  who  in  sickness  require  that  comfort  and 
medical  advice  which  their  means  and  homes  cannot  afford." 


8  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

In  accordance  with  the  recommendations  of  that 
Committee,  the  City  Council  purchased  the  building  in 
Springfield  Street  known  as  the  "  Lying-in  Hospital," 
to  be  appropriated  to  the  purposes  of  a  City  Hospital ; 
but,  before  it  could  be  occupied  as  such,  certain 
citizens,  who  were  apprehensive  that  the  Hospital 
would  spread  disease  in  its  immediate  neighborhood, 
procured  from  the  Legislature  the  enactment  of  an 
amendment  to  the  law  permitting  the  city  to  establish 
a  Hospital,  which  prohibited  the  establishment  of  a 
Hospital  within  three  hundred  feet  of  any  church  or 
schoolhouse  then  built.  As  the  building  in  Spring- 
field Street  came  within  this  restriction,  the  project  of 
a  City  Hospital  w^as  thus  thwarted  for  a  time. 

With  the  growth  of  the  city,  there  was,  of  course, 
an  increase  of  the  persons  requiring  hospital  treatment, 
and  the  necessity  for  enlarged  accommodations  which 
was  apparent  in  1849,  was  daily  manifested  more  and 
more  painfully  to  those  who  were  professionally  cog- 
nizant of  the  disease  and  suffering  incident  to  our  large 
and  compact  population.  To  all  who  examined  the 
subject,  it  was  clear,  that  there  were  needed  in  Boston 
hospital  accommodations  more  nearly  in  accordance  with 
its  character  for  well-directed  benevolence,  and  cor- 
responding in  a  greater  degree  to  those  of  other  Amer- 
ican cities. 

In   1860,  the  Mavor.  Hon.  F.  W.  Lincoln,  Jr.,  re- 


PREFACE.  _  9 

newed  the  appeal  of  his  predecessors  in  office,  to  the 
City  Council.  A  Committee  soon  reported  in  favor  of 
building  a  Hospital,  and  in  obedience  to  an  order  rec- 
ommended by  them,  and  passed  by  the  City  Coun- 
cil on  the  2ith  day  of  December,  1860,  a  lot  of  land 
on  the  South  Bay  territory,  owned  by  the  city,  was 
appropriated  for  a  City  Hospital. 

During  the  next  year,  another  Committee  of  the 
City  Council  selected  plans  for  a  building,  which  were 
adopted,  but  subsequently,  in  the  year  1861,  upon  the 
suggestion  of  the  Committee  on  City  Hospital,  they 
were  considerably  modified,  and  the  actual  work  of 
erecting  a  building  was  begun. 

A  central  building,  two  pavilions,  and  the  necessary 
auxiliary  buildings  were  substantially  completed  in 
May  of  1864,  and  on  the  24th  of  the  month  were 
dedicated  with  appropriate  services,  an  account  of 
which  will  be  found  in  another  part  of  this  volume. 

The  lot  of  land  upon  which  the  Hospital  stands,  is 
bounded  northwesterly  on  Harrison  Avenue,  454  feet ; 
southwesterly  on  Springfield  Street,  630  feet ;  south- 
easterly on  Albany  Street,  452  feet ;  northeasterly  on 
Concord  Street,  658  feet ;  and  contains  in  all  about 
292,000  square  feet,  or  6tV  acres.  In  addition,  there 
has  been  recently  set  apart  a  lot  of  land  containing- 
69,318  square  feet  in  the  rear  (southeasterly)  of  the 
Hospital  buildings  on  the  easterly  side  of  Albany  Street 

2 


10  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

upon  wliich  it  is  expected  that  coal  sheds,  a  Foul- 
ward,  and  other  buildings  in  connection  with  the  Hos- 
pital, will  be  erected  within  the  current  year. 

The  present  buildings  are  six  in  number  :  the  cen- 
tral building,  two  pavilions,  the  boiler  house,  gate 
house,  and  horse  sheds.  The  central  building,  which 
is  80  feet  by  60,  is  connected  with  the  pavilions  by 
corridors  open  above  and  closed  in  below,  and  contains 
in  the  basement  story  a  store  room,  apothecary's  shop, 
laboratory,  dining  room  for  the  employes,  the  kitchen 
and  other  rooms  necessary  for  the  culinary  operations 
of  the  Hospital.  Upon  the  first  floor  are  the  rooms 
occupied  by  the  Superintendent  and  his  family,  the 
Superintendent's  office,  and  the  business  room  of  the 
Trustees,  which  is  also  used  for  the  reception  of  visi- 
tors. The  second  story  consists  of  apartments  for 
pay-patients  ;  in  the  third  story  are  rooms  for  the 
temporary  use  of  ophthalmic  patients,  and  closets  for 
storage ;  and  above  is  a  spacious  operating  room,  octa- 
gonal in  form,  suitably  lighted,  heated,  and  ventilated, 
with  seats  for  about  175  students.  Patients  are  brought 
to  the  operating  room  from  all  the  lower  stories  by 
means  of  a  lift  moved  by  machinery  situated  in  the 
basement  story. 

This  building  is  surmounted  by  an  iron  dome  with  a 
cupola,  the  apex  of  which  is  148  feet  above  the  level 
of  the  street. 


PREFACE.  11 

The  two  pavilions  are  substantially  alike  in  their 
construction.  They  are  148  feet  in  length  and  48  in 
width,  three  stories  in  height  beside  the  basement. 
In  the  basement  of  each  are  the  nurses'  kitchen  and 
store  room  for  supplies,  small  wards  for  the  temporary 
accommodation  of  patients,  and  also  a  room  appropri- 
ated for  the  clothing  of  the  patients  in  the  pavilion, 
which  is  arranged  with  stationary  boxes,  numbered  to 
correspond  with  the  beds.  In  the  first,  second,  and 
third  stories  are  large  wards,  with  dining  rooms  for 
convalescent  patients,  nurses'  chambers,  bath  rooms, 
water  closets,  and  other  conveniences,  room  for  the 
attendant  resident  graduates,  and  a  consultation  room 
for  the  surgeons  and  physicians.  These  wards  are 
each  80  feet  long  and  27  feet  8  inches  wide.  The 
two  lower  are  16  feet,  and  the  upper  10  feet  in 
height.  Each  ward  will  accommodate  comfortably  28 
patients.  The  Hospital  furnishes  ample  accommoda- 
tions for  225  patients,  and  should  occasion  require 
275  might  be  admitted.  The  Hospital  is  furnished 
throughout  with  the  Tucker  patent  iron  bedsteads, 
furnished  with  an  attachment  for  raising  the  head  of 
the  patient.  As  the  bedsteads  are  constructed  wdth 
a  wooden  spring  bottom,  one  hair  mattress  only  is 
required  for  each. 

The  boiler  house  and  laundry,  which  is  three  hun- 
dred   feet   from   the   central    building,   and   connected 


12 


CITY    HOSPITAL. 


therewith  by  means  of  a  covered  way,  contains  on  the 
first  floor  the  boilers,  the  fan,  engines  for  carrying  the 
fan  and  machinery  for  the  washing  and  ironing  rooms, 
furnished  with  the  most  approved  apparatus  for  labor- 
saving  and  convenience,  and  furnishing  the  steam  for 
heating  and  ventilating  purposes.  In  the  second  story 
are  the  sleeping  rooms  for  the  female  domestics.  Con- 
nected with  the  boiler-house  is  the  autopsy  room.  At 
the  northwesterly  corner  of  the  lot,  at  the  junction  of 
Harrison  Avenue  and  Concord  Street,  is  the  Porter's 
Lodge,  a  building  twenty  feet  square  two  stories 
high,  containing  rooms  for  the  accommodation  of  the 
gate-keeper  and  other  porters  employed  upon  the 
premises.  On  the  Concord  Street  side  of  the  grounds 
are  eight  horse  sheds,  for  the  accommodation  of  phy- 
sicians and  others  visiting  the  Hospital. 

The  Hospital  is  warmed  and  ventilated  by  a  system 
recently  introduced  into  this  country,  with  some  im- 
portant novelties  never  before  applied.  Air  forced 
through  ducts,  by  means  of  a  large  fan  at  the  boiler- 
house,  and  warmed  by  coils  of  steam-pipes  placed  in 
these  ducts,  is  carried  to  every  part  of  the  buildings, 
thus  affording  the  means  of  heating  as  well  as  ven- 
tilation. Direct  radiation  is  provided  for  in  a  por- 
tion of  the  rooms,  to  be  used  in  case  of  necessity. 
The  steam  pipes  over  which  the  air  passes  for  heating 
the  different  apartments  in   the   central  building,  are 


PREFACE.  13 

placed  in  coils  in  chambers  connected  with  the  air 
ducts.  Those  for  heating  the  pavilions  are  located 
in  the  air  passage,  beneath  the  floor  under  the  cor- 
ridors leading  to  the  pavilions.  The  passage  through 
which  the  air  passes  after  having  left  the  main  duct 
on  its  way  to  the  pavilions,  is  divided  into  two  com- 
partments, in  one  of  which  is  located  coils  of  one  inch 
wrought-iron  pipe.  The  steam,  after  passing  from  the 
boilers  in  a  large  iron  pipe,  is  distributed  through 
these  coils,  being  regulated  by  valves  under  charge 
of  the  engineer.  After  passing  through  the  coils  it 
enters  a  steam  trap  located  at  the  foot  of  the  coil, 
which  is  so  constructed  that  no  steam  can  pass,  where, 
after  being  converted  into  water,  it  is  conveyed 
through  a  cast-iron  pipe  to  a  reservoir,  located  at  the 
head  of  the  air  duct ;  from  thence  it  is  pumped  into 
the  boilers  at  a  temperature  of  from  180  to  190  de- 
grees ;  that  this  process  saves  fuel  and  water  is  prov- 
ed from  the  fact  that  the  boilers  have  been  used 
for  several  days  without  any  but  the  water  so 
returned.  Through  the  other  compartment,  cold  air 
passes.  These  two  compartments  are  so  arranged 
that  the  cold  and  warm  air  are  brought  together  in 
the  several  wards  where  they  come  in  contact,  before 
entering  the  room,  by  a  simple  apparatus  which  can 
be  controlled  by  the  nurse  or  attendant.  By  this  ar- 
rangement the  atmosphere  in  each  ward  can  be  changed 


u 


CITY    HOSriTAL. 


every  thirty  minutes ;  the  temperature^  however,  re- 
maining the  same,  and  without  causing  any  percepti- 
ble current  in  the  ward.  The  foul  air  passes  from  the 
wards  through  registers  at  the  sides,  which  are  also 
under  the  control  of  the  attendants.  In  each  of  the 
two  middle  wards  are  four  marble  fire-places,  which 
are  also  arranged  for  ventilation. 

During  the  short  period  which  the  Institution  has 
been  in  operation,  the  heating  and  ventilation  have 
been  found  agreeable  and  satisfactory. 

In  the  office  of  the  Superintendent  is  placed  a 
standard  regulating  clock,  which,  independent  of  its 
electrical  mechanism,  presents  some  novel  features  ; 
having  two  mercurial  pendulums  so  connected  and 
controlled  as  to  vibrate  perfectly  together,  and  to  act 
the  one  upon  the  other,  mutually  checking  any  ten- 
dency of  either  toward  irregularity  of  oscillation. 

In  the  principal  hall  and  in  the  distant  wards  are 
placed  the  electric  companion  clocks  (five  in  number), 
which  have  a  simple  mechanism,  consisting  of  a  lever 
which,  when  lifted  and  allowed  to  fall  by  its  own  grav- 
ity, moves  an  "  escapement,"  so  constructed  as  to  be 
propulsive,  and  continuous  in  its  hold  upon  a  single 
toothed  wheel.  This  wheel  and  its  arbors  —  which 
communicate  directly  with  the  motion  work  controlling 
the  difi'ering  action  of  the  hour  and  minute  hands  — 
is  the  substitute  for  "  the  train  "  of  a  common  clock ; 


PREFACE.  15 

therefore  requires  no  pendulum,  weights,  springs,  or 
winding  up  ;  and  moves  only  when  magnetism,  gen- 
erated by  electricity,  is  induced  in  the  electro-magnet 
which  acts  upon  the  lever  before  mentioned. 

The  system  not  only  secures  uniformity  of  time  in 
the  different  parts  of  the  Institution,  but  relieves  the 
Superintendent  of  the  care  of  many  clocks,  and  the 
wards  of  the  ticking  which  marks  the  seconds  of  pass- 
ing time  ;  generally  so  annoying  to  the  sick  or  the 
suffering  patients. 

Attached  to  the  standard  clock  is  also  the  patent 
mechanism  which  constitutes  it  an  Electro-Magnetic 
Watch- Clock'''  By  this  the  perambulations  of  the 
night  watchman  over  the  premises  are  legibly  re- 
corded, in  such  manner  that  the  Superintendent  may 
'  know  not  only  whether  the  watchman  has  been  vigi- 
lant, but  also  the  precise  time  of  his  passing  through 
the  different  parts  of  the  buildings.  The  apparatus, 
like  the  time  system,  is  operated  on  the  same  principle 
as  that  of  the  Electric  Telegraph,  the  watchman  in 
this  case  being  the  operator,  simply  by  turning  a  key, 
in  different  parts  of  the  premises,  which  act  momen- 
tarily establishes  and  again  breaks  the  electric  circuit 
and  causes  the  instrument  to  record  from  time  to  time 
the  presence  of  the  watchman  at  the  different  points 
which  his  instructions  require  him  to  visit. 

In    concluding    this    brief    history    of     the     City 


16  -  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

Hospital,  we  cannot  fail  to  remember  with  satisfaction 
two  citizens  of  Boston,  Elisha  Goodnow  and  Lawrence 
Nichols,  whose  names  will  always  be  associated  with 
the  Hospital,  as  its  earliest  benefactors ;  nor  can  we 
forbear  to  express  the  hope,  that  an  institution  with  so 
beneficent  a  mission,  may  not  depend  upon  the  public 
purse  alone  for  its  maintenance ;  but  that  a  portion 
of  its  endowment  may  come  from  those  who  have 
no  occasion  in  time  of  suffering  and  disease  to  seek 
relief  beyond  their  own  homes. 


ACT    AND    ORDINANCES. 


AN  ACT  or  THE  LEGISLATURE, 

AUTHORIZING  THE  ESTABLISHMENT  OF  THE  CITY  HOSPITAL. 


Section  L  The  City  of  Boston  is  hereby  authorized 
to  erect  estabhsh,  and  maintain  a  Hospital  for  the  re- 
ception of  persons  who  by  misfortune  or  poverty  may 
require  relief  during  temporary  sickness. 

Sect.  2.  The  City  Council  of  said  city  shall  have 
power  to  make  such  ordinances,  rules,  and  regulations 
as  they  may  deem  expedient  for  the  appointment  of 
trustees  and  all  other  necessary  officers,  agents,  and 
servants,  for  managing  the  said  Hospital. 

Sect.  3.  Said  Hospital  shall  not  be  erected  or  lo- 
cated within  three  hundred  feet  of  any  schoolhouse  or 
church  now  built. 

Sect.  4.  This  act  shall  take  effect  from  and  after 
its  passage. 

[Acts  of  1858,  Ch.  113.] 


AN  ORDINANCE 

RELATING  TO  THE   CITY  HOSPITAL. 


Be  it  ordained  hy  the  Board  of  Aldermen  and  Common 
Council  of  the  City  of  Boston,  in  City  Council  assembled, 
as  follows :  — 

Section  1.    In  the  month  of  January,  1863,  the  City 
Council  shall  proceed  to  elect  by  concurrent  vote  eight 
suitable  persons  to  be  a  Board  of  Trustees  of  the  City 
Hospital,  of  whom  three  shall  be  chosen  from  the  citi- 
zens at  large,  two  shall  be  members  of  the  Board  of  Al- 
dermen, and  three   members  of  the  Common  Council. 
The  persons  elected  at  large  shall  hold  their   offices 
one  for  one  year,  one  for  two    years,  and   the    third 
for    three   years,  and   the  members   chosen   from    the 
City  Council  for  one   year,  from    the  first   day  of  said 
January   and  until   others  are  chosen  respectively   in 
their  places.     And   after  the  first  election   annually  in 
the  month  of  January,  or  as  soon  thereafter  as  may  be, 
there  shall  be  elected  in  the  same  manner  to  be  Trus- 
tees of  said  City  Hospital,   two  members  of  the  Board 
of  Aldermen  and  three  members  of  the  Common  Coun- 
cil, to  hold  their  offices  for  one   year,  and  one   citizen 
at  large,  to  hold  his  office  for  three   years,  and   until 
others   are   chosen  respectively   in  their  places.     But 
each  of  said  Trustees  shall  at  all  times   be  subject  to 


ORDINANCE.  21 

removal  from  office  by  the  City  Council  for  cause. 
Whenever  any  vacancy  shall  occur  in  said  Board  of 
Trustees  by  death,  resignation,  or  otherwise,  such  va- 
cancy shall  be  reported  by  the  said  Board  to  the  City 
Council,  and  they  shall  proceed  to  fill  the  same  by 
the  choice  of  another  Trustee,  in  the  manner  aforesaid, 
who  shall  hold  his  office  for  the  residue  of  the  term 
for  which  such  member  so  deceased,  resigned,  or  re- 
moved would  have  held  the  same.  The  said  Board  of 
Trustees,  constituted  as  aforesaid  after  each  annual 
election,  shall  choose  a  President  and  a  Secretary  from 
their  own  number,  and  a  majority  shall  constitute  a 
quorum  for  business. 

Sect.  2.  The  said  Board  of  Trustees  may  appoint 
such  consulting  and  visiting  physicians  and  surgeons  as 
they  shall  deem  expedient ;  and  they  may  also  appoint 
such  subordinate  agents,  assistants,  and  domestics  as 
they  may  consider  necessary.  They  shall  prepare  all 
needful  rules  and  regulations  for  the  government  and 
management  of  said  Hospital,  and  submit  the  same  to 
the  City  Council  for  adoption,  and  with  the  approval 
of  said  City  Council,  fix  the  compensation  of  the  per- 
sons employed  by  them. 

Sect.  3.  The  said  Board  of  Trustees  shall  elect,  an- 
nually, in  the  month  of  February,  and  whenever  a  va- 
cancy may  occur,  some  suitable  person  as  Superinten.- 
dent  of  the  said  Hospital,  who  shall  constantly  reside 
at  the  Institution.  He  shall  be  removable  at  their 
pleasure,  and  shall  receive  such  compensation  as  the 
City  Council  may  from  time  to  time  determine. 

Sect.  4.  The  Superintendent,  under  the  direction 
of  the  Board  of  Trustees,  shall  have  the  control  of  all 


22  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

departments  of  the  Hospital,  of  all  subordinate  officers, 
attendants,  and  domestics,  of  the  patients,  and  the 
charge  of  the  grounds,  buildings,  and  appurtenances. 

Sect.  5.  The  said  Trustees  shall  also  have  charge 
of  any  building  which  is  or  may  be  established  within 
the  city  limits,  by  the  City  Council,  for  the  admission 
of  patients  having  the  smallpox,  or  any  other  infectious 
disease.  And  they  shall  make  such  rules  and  regula- 
tions for  its  management  and  government  as  they  shall 
deem  proper  and  necessary,  subject,  however,  to  the 
approval  of  the  City  Council.  And  the  said  Trustees 
shall  carefully  guard  against  the  introduction  of  any 
cases  of  infectious  disease  into  any  other  building 
under  their  charge  than  the  one  appropriated  for  the 
purpose  by  the  City  Council. 

Sect.  6.  The  said  Board  may  make  all  necessary 
repairs  and  alterations  in  the  several  buildings  under  their 
charge,  and  improvements  in  the  land  and  grounds  con- 
nected with  the  Institution,  provided  that  the  expense 
thereof  shall  not  exceed  the  amount  previously  appro- 
priated therefor  by  the  City  Council.  But  they  shall 
not  make  any  change  in  the  occupancy  of  said  build- 
ings, without  first  obtaining  the  approval  of  the  City 
Council. 

Sect.  7.  The  City  Hospital  is  established  for  the 
reception  of  those  only  who  require  temporary  relief 
during  sickness.  The  Trustees  may,  however,  admit 
other  persons  to  the  Institution,  temporarily,  when 
necessity  requires  ;  but  such  persons  shall  be  removed 
to  other  appropriate  public  institutions,  as  soon  as 
their  condition  will  permit.  They  may,  when  com- 
pensation therefor  is  made,  afford  separate  apartments 


ORDINANCE.  23 

and  more  accommodations  than  those  which  are  cus- 
tomary. Such  extra  compensation  shall  be  credited 
to  the  appropriation  for  the  Hospital. 

Sect.  8,  Annually,  in  the  month  of  January,  the 
said  Board  shall  submit  to  the  City  Auditor  an  esti- 
mate, in  detail,  of  the  expenses  of  maintaining  and 
conducting  the  Hospital  under  their  charge,  for  the 
year  next  ensuing  ;  and  the  said  Board  shall  expend  no 
greater  sum  than  shall  be  appropriated  or  authorized 
by  the  City  Council.  And  the  said  estimate  shall  be 
accompanied  by  a  report  from  the  Superintendent 
upon  such  matters  as  they  may  direct,  in  reference  to 
the  general  state  of  the  Institution,  the  number  of  its 
inmates,  the  number  of  admissions  thereto,  discharges 
therefrom,  deaths  and  births  therein,  during  the  year, 
and  such  other  information  pertaining  to  the  said  Insti- 
tution as  they  shall  judge  to  be  of  public  interest. 

Se&t.  9.  All  moneys  which  have  been  or  shall  here- 
after be  received,  directly  or  indirectly,  by  gift  or  be- 
quest, for  the  benefit  of  the  City  Hospital,  shall,  unless 
conditions  are  connected  with  the  gift  or  bequest  incon- 
sistent therewith,  be  received  by  the  Board  of  Trustees 
of  the  said  Hospital,  and  be  by  them  deposited  in  the 
city  treasury ;  and  city  scrip  shall  be  issued  therefor, 
bearing  interest  at  the  rate  of  six  per  cent  per  annum, 
payable  semi-annually,  which  said  scrip  shall  be  de- 
posited with  the  Auditor,  who  shall  receive  the  interest 
as  the  same  shall  become  due  thereon,  and  add  it  to  the 
moneys  which  shall  have  been  appropriated  for  the  use 
of  the  Hospital.  And  all  real  estate  and  other  property 
not  converted  into  money  by  sale,  and  all  evidences  of 
title  thereto,  shall  be  received  by  the  said  Board  ;  and 


24  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

all  such  real  estate  and  other  property  shall  be  leased, 
let,  or  otherwise  improved  by  the  said  Board  of  Trus- 
tees, and  the  rent  and  income  thereof  added  in  like 
manner  to  the  moneys  appropriated  as  aforesaid  to  the 
use  of  the  Hospital.  All  evidences  of  title  thereto  shall 
be  deposited  with  the  Auditor. 

Sect.  10.  All  moneys,  property,  and  estate,  given 
or  bequeathed  to  the  city,  for  the  use  of  the  Hospital, 
unless  the  donors  thereof  shall  have  otherwise  directed, 
shall  constitute  a  permanent  fund,  the  principal  of 
which  shall  not  be  diminished,  and  the  income  of  which 
shall  be  devoted  to  the  uses  of  the  Hospital. 

Sect.  11.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Board  of  Trus- 
tees of  the  City  Hospital  to  exercise  a  careful  super- 
vision of  all  property,  funds,  and  estate  given  or  be- 
queathed for  the  use  of  the  Hospital,  so  as  to  prevent 
any  loss  or  diminution  of  the  value  thereof ;  and  in  the 
expenditure  of  the  interest  and  income  thereof,  they 
shall  in  all  cases  in  which  conditions  or  directions  have 
been  attached  to  the  gift  or  bequest,  strictly  observe  and 
conform  to  such  conditions  or  directions. 

[Ordinance  passed  December  23,  1862,  amended  June  24,  1863, 
and  further  amended  April  5,  1864. 


PTIOCEEDINGS 


AT    THE 


DEDICATION   OF   THE   CITY  HOSPITAL, 


MAY     24,     1864. 


ORDER   OF   EXERCISES. 


I.  — Introductory  by  the  Choir. 

II.  — Delivery  of  the  Keys  by  the  Committee  on  Public  Buildings  to 

His  Honor  the  Mayor. 

III.— Delivery  of  the  Keys  by  His  Honor  the  Mayor  to  the  Board  of 

Trustees. 

IV.  — Response  of  Otis  Norcross,  Esq.,  President  of  the  Board  of 

Trustees. 

V.  —  Prayer  by  Rev.  William  S.  Studley. 
VI.— Address  by  Thomas  C.  Amory,  Jr.,  Esq. 

VII.— Hymn. 

Father  of  mercies,  send  thy  grace, 

All-powerful,  from  above, 
To  form  in  our  obedient  souls 

The  image  of  thy  love. 

Oh  1  may  our  sympathizing  breasts 

That  generous  pleasure  know, 
Kindly  to  share  in  others'  joy, 

And  weep  for  others'  woe. 

When  poor  and  helpless  sons  of  grief 

In  deep  distress  are  laid, 
Soft  be  our  hearts  their  pains  to  feel, 

And  swift  our  hands  to  aid. 

On  wings  of  love  the  Saviour  flew, 

To  bless  a  ruined  race; 
We  would,  O  Lord,  thy  steps  pursue. 

Thy  bright  example  trace. 

Benediction. 


PEOCEEDINGS. 


REMARKS    OF    ALDERMAN     DAYIES,    CHAIRMAN    OF    THE    COM- 
MITTEE   ON    PUBLIC    BUILDINGS. 

Mr.  Mayor  :  It  becomes  my  duty,  as  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Public  Buildings,  to  surrender  to  you,  the 
chief  executive  officer  of  this  city,  these  buildings, 
which  have  been  built  by  the  direction  of  the  City 
Council  for  the  purpose  of  a  City  Hospital.  In  July, 
1861,  it  was  ordered  by  the  City  Council,  that  the  Com- 
mittee on  Public  Buildings,  in  concurrence  with  the 
Committee  on  the  City  Hospital,  be  directed  to  build 
suitable  buildings  for  a  City  Hospital,  in  general  ac- 
cordance with  the  plans  of  Mr.  Bryant,  with  such 
modifications  as  the  Hospital  Committee  shall  deem 
expedient. 

The  plans  were  made  \^ith  the  principal  front  and 
entrance  on  Springfield  Street ;  but  it  was  recommend- 
ed in  the  Report  of  the  Hospital  Committee  that  it 
should  be  changed,  and  have  its  front  on  Harrison 
Avenue.  A  considerable  time  was  therefore  necessary 
to  make  the  change  in  the  plans. 


30  CITY    HOSriTAL. 

The  excavation  was  commenced  on  the  9th  day  of 
September,  1861.  All  that  was  done  that  year  was  to 
excavate  the  ground,  drive  the  piles,  and  lay  a  part  of 
the  foundations.  The  work  was  commenced  early  the 
next  Spring,  and  has  been  constantly  prosecuted  to  the 
present  time. 

As  a  full  description  and  plans  of  the  buildings  and 
grounds,  with  the  names  of  all  the  committees  who  have 
had  charge  of  them  from  the  commencement,  and  all 
the  contractors,  and  the  parts  of  the  work  performed 
by  each  of  them,  is  to  be  published,  it  is  not  necessary 
for  me  to  give  them  at  this  time. 

Although  there  is  a  considerable  work  to  be  done  to 
the  grounds  and  fences,  it  was  thought  best  by  the 
Trustees  to  open  the  buildings  at  this  time. 

In  behalf  of  the  Committee  on  Public  Buildings, 
I  surrender  to  you  these  buildings  which  have  been 
erected  for  a  City  Hospital,  and  deliver  to  you  the  keys 
which  control  their  entrance. 


REMARKS    OF    MAYOR    LINCOLN. 

Mr.  Chairman  :  In  conformity  with  the  proprieties  of 
this  occasion,  it  is  my  duty,  as  the  official  representa- 
tive of  the  city,  to  receive  from  you  the  keys  of  this 
edifice,  and  to  place  them  in  the  hands  of  those  who 
will  hereafter  have  it  in  charge,  and  who  will  organize 
within  its  walls  an  institution  for  the  relief  and  bodily 
comfort  of  our  suffering  fellow-men. 

The  several  Committees  on  Public  Buildings  under 


REMARKS    OF    MAYOR    LINCOLN.  31 

whose  superintendence  these  walls  have  been  raised, 
and  who  have  erected  from  the  rough  materials  which 
nature  has  furnished  these  complete  and  elegant  build- 
ings, have  earned  by  their  faithful  exertions  the  grati- 
tude of  our  whole  community,  and  have  reason  to  be 
proud  of  the  consummation  of  their  labors. 

The  character  of  a  community  is  apt  to  be  judged  by 
the  taste  and  skill  displayed  in  its  public  buildings  ;  and 
the  objects  to  which  they  are  devoted  is  a  sure  index  of 
the  spirit  of  the  people,  and  the  degree  of  civilization 
to  which  they  have  attained.  The  church  and  the 
schoolhouse  of  our  rural  districts  are  the  symbols  of 
that  influence  which  New  England  has  exercised  upon 
the  destinies  of  this  Republic.  In  larger  communities, 
with  a  congregated  population,  new  wants  are  de- 
veloped, and  new  necessities  are  to  be  met ;  and  accord- 
ing to  the  fidelity  in  meeting  these  requisitions  a 
municipality  is  to  be  honored. 

Temples  to  the  heathen  gods,    with  their  low  and 
sensual  rites,  and  their  bloody  sacrifices,  —  amphithea- 
tres, where  wild  beasts  tore  and  mangled  human  beings 
amid  the  shouts  and  exultant  cries  of  an  infuriated  and 
gratified    populace, — huge   structures,  like   the   pyra- 
mids   of    Egypt,    built    by    the    unrequited    labor    of 
thousands,    to  immortalize  the  memory  of  kings  long 
since  forgotten,  —  such  as  these  are  the  public   build- 
ings  of  the   ancient  world.     In  modern  times  on  the 
continent  of  Europe,  stately  edifices  have  been  raised 
to  excite  the  admiration  of  refined  taste  and  culture. 
In    the    erection    and    adornment   of    cathedrals    and 
churches,  genius  has  exerted  itself  in  the  highest  de- 
partments of  art;  but  the  vast  majority  of  the  buildings 


32  CITY    HOSriTAL. 

which  attract  the  attention  of  the  stranger  are  built 
for  and  enjoyed  by  the  titled  few,  making  the  contrast 
still  more  visible  between  the  palaces  of  the  nobles  and 
the  dwellings  of  the  great  mass  of  the  people. 

It  must  be  confessed,  however,  that  the  most  signal 
architectural  triumphs  are  dependent  in  a  great  degree 
on  opulence  and  wealth.  A  new  community,  without 
the  accumulations  of  capital,  has  few  opportunities  to 
distinguish  itself  in  this  department  of  art ;  private 
fortunes  cannot  afford  it,  and  the  only  means  for  its 
exercise,  are  in  those  buildings  of  a  public  character, 
where,  as  the  expense  is  to  be  shared  by  the  many,  the 
burden  of  their  cost  is  comparatively  light.  As  a  com- 
munity increases  in  wealth  and  prosperity,  its  outward 
sign  is  manifest  in  the  splendor  and  elegance  of  its 
buildings  devoted  to  the  public  service.  The  Capitol 
at  Washington,  it  is  universally  admitted,  when  com- 
pleted, will  be  one  of  the  most  magnificent  buildings 
in  the  world,  and  amply  symbolizes  the  gigantic  pro- 
portions and  boundless  resources  of  our  peerless 
liepublic. 

Every  State  of  the  Union  seeks  to  embody  in  the 
edifice  where  its  Legislature  meets  a  representative 
building,  corresponding  to  the  position  of  its  common- 
wealth and  common  weal.  In  a  city  the  parallel  holds 
good ;  and  in  harmony  with  its  growth  and  progress 
stately  edifices  and  temples  rise  from  the  ground  and 
become  tangible  proofs  of  its  commercial  success,  and 
the  opulence  of  its  citizens. 

Boston  has  kept  pace  with  its  own  prosperity  in  this 
respect.  Hardly  a  year  elapses  that  does  not  witness 
the   erection   of  some  new  edifice  to   accommodate  the 


REMARKS    OF    MAYOR    LINCOLN.  33 

public  wants.  And  to-day  —  and  appropriately  in  our 
time-honored  anniversary-week  —  we  are  engaged  in 
the  dedication  of  another  group  of  buildings,  to  be- 
come, from  the  symmetry  of  their  proportions,  and  the 
useful  purposes  to  which  they  are  to  be  devoted,  a 
constant  source  of  pride  to  our  own  citizens,  and  a  new 
object  of  interest  to  the  stranger. 

Allow  me,  then,  Mr.  Chairman,  to  present  to  you  and 
your  colleagues  of  the  Committee  on  Public  Buildings, 
the  thanks  of  the  City  Council  for  your  gratuitous  la- 
bors. Aided  by  your  exertions,  our  city  is  graced  with 
another  object  of  municipal  concern.  It  is  an  addi- 
tional monument  of  honor  to  the  architect  who  desisrned 
it,  and  the  Boston  mechanics  who  have  labored  in  its 
erection.  That  assiduous  care  with  which  some  mem- 
bers of  your  Committee  have  watched  over  every  por- 
tion of  the  work,  from  the  foundation  to  its  noble  dome, 
should  be  gratefully  remembered  by  your  fellow-citi- 
zens, and  must  be  a  source  of  unalloyed  satisfaction 
as  long  as  you  feel  any  sympathy  in  those  objects  which 
have  occupied  your  time  and  called  for  the  exercise  of 
your  talents,  while  you  were  in  the  public  service. 
Permit  me  to  congratulate  you  on  the  successful  con- 
summation of  your  labors. 

And  now,  Mr.  President  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  of 
the  City  Hospital,  it  is  my  pleasant  duty  to  present 
these  keys  to  you,  as  an  emblem  of  the  important  trust 
which  is  to  be  placed  in  your  hands,  and  to  be  trans- 
mitted, we  trust,  to  many  generations  of  successors. 
The  poor,  the  suffering,  the  dying  are  to  be  solaced  by 
your  ministrations.     You   are  to   represent,  in  behalf 


34  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

of  this  community,  the  Good  Samaritan,  who  poured 
out  oil  and  wine  for  the  bruised  and  afflicted.  But  it 
is  in  no  wayside  inn,  where  you  are  compelled  to  leave 
your  unhappy  fellow-creature,  but  a  comfortable  home, 
where  everything  which  can  ameliorate  human  suffer- 
ing, or  soothe  the  couch  of  pain,  is  at  your  disposal. 
The  City  Government,  with  a  liberality  almost  border- 
ing on  prodigality,  have  furnished  you  with  every  means 
which  modern  science  can  suggest  to  assist  you  in  your 
labors.  A  situation  having  all  the  advantages  of  sun- 
light and  air,  large  and  well  ventilated  apartments, 
furnished  with  taste  and  even  elegance,  and  wards  and 
beds  filled  with  every,  comfort  which  human  sympathy 
and  tender  interest  can  devise.  You  will  be  assisted  by 
the  advice  and  counsel  of  some  of  the  most  skilful 
physicians  and  surgeons  which  the  world  can  produce : 
noble  men  of  a  noble  profession,  many  of  whom  we 
welcome  to  our  own  homes  in  those  seasons  of  severest 
trials,  when  we  are  solicitous  for  the  safety  of  our  loved 
ones,  —  Apostolic  successors,  I  might  almost  say,  of 
that  beloved  physician  who  shared  in  the  companion- 
ship of  the  early  disciples  of  our  Saviour,  and  whose 
record  of  the  Master's  life  and  teaching  will  endure  as 
long  as  the  world  shall  stand. 

It  is  your  privilege  as  well  as  your  great  and  peculiar 
responsibility,  at  the  outset,  to  give  a  character  and 
position  to  this  Hospital.  The  system  you  inaugurate, 
and  the  plans  you  lay  out  at  the  start,  will  have  no  in- 
considerable influence  in  the  success  or  failure  of  the 
Institution.  It  Avill  be  your  duty  to  draw  the  line 
between  the  virtuous  poor  who  have  a  claim  on 
your  sympathy,  and  the  vicious  who  are  suffering  the 


REMARKS    OF    MAYOR    LINCOLN.  35 

penalties  of  their  vices.  While  the  wealthy  and  the 
middling  interest  will  share  in  the  benefits  of  the  insti- 
tution, and  contribute,  we  trust,  in  a  good  measure  to 
its  support,  its  principal  object  is  the  relief  and  nourish- 
ment of  the  unfortunate  in  the  humbler  walks  of  life, 
who,  confined  in  sickness  in  the  narrow  apartments  of 
their  homes,  need  better  accommodations  and  more 
skilful  medical  attendance  than  their  straightened  cir- 
cumstances will  permit  them  to  obtain  for  themselves. 
It  is  not  to  be  a  pauper  establishment,  where  the  patient 
will  lose  his  self- respect  and  self-reliance  when  admitted 
as  an  inmate,  but  a  temporary  home,  where  the  worthy 
can  receive  that  aid  which  we  all,  at  some  time,  may 
require.  It  will  be  your  duty  to  give  it  a  name  and 
character  among  the  kindred  institutions  of  its  class. 
Boston  has. already  an  enviable  position  in  regard  to  the 
standard  of  its  public  institutions  devoted  to  education, 
science,  art,  literature,  and  religion;  see  to  it  that  this 
new  institution,  devoted  to  the  cause  of  humanity,  shall 
take  an  elevated  rank  by  the  side  of  its  noble  compeers. 
The  City  Government  have  a  right  to  expect  economy 
in  its  management,  and  a  watchful  care  and  guardian- 
ship over  all  its  interests.  The  task  is  before  you,  and 
the  blessings  of  many  that  were  ready  to  perish  will  be 
your  exceeding  rich  reward. 

The  growth  and  prosperity  of  our  city  cannot  be 
better  illustrated  than  by  recalling  to  mind  the  partic- 
ular geographical  position  where  we  are  now  assem- 
bled. To  minister  to  our  accommodation,  old  Ocean 
has  had  to  give  up  her  empire,  and  the  fresh  and  virgin 
soil  of  the  country  has  been  transferred  to  our  metrop- 
olis, to  give  a  standing  to  our  footsteps,  and  to  furnish 


36  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

homes  for  our  people.  Within  the  memory  of  some 
who  hear  me,  Boston  was  connected  with  the  adjoining 
country  on  the  south  by  a  single  highway,  which  at 
some  times  at  high  tides  was  covered  with  water.  Now, 
from  the  shores  of  the  South  Bay,  whereon  this  build- 
ing stands,  across  to  Charles  Kiver  on  the  west,  is  a 
distance  of  one  and  a  half  miles.  A  thrifty,  happy, 
and  contented  population  will  soon  occupy  the  entire 
territory.  The  old  parts  of  the  town  must  be  given  up 
to  business  purposes,  and  appropriately  we  dedicate 
this  institution  as  one  of  the  glories  of  the  new. 

But  I  must  not  trespass  upon  those  topics  which,  with 
more  propriety,  belong  to  my  accomplished  friend  who 
is  to  deliver  the  address  on  this  occasion.  His  long 
and  valuable  services  in  our  municipal  councils,  and 
his  devoted  interests  in  the  success  of  this  institution, 
have  earned  him  a  claim  to  speak  in  its  behalf. 

Take  then  these  keys,  Mr.  President,  in  behalf  of  the 
Board  of  Trustees.  May  their  office  be  the  admission 
of  all  who  have  any  claims  upon  your  sympathy  ;  and 
may  they  forever  bar  all  who  would  unworthily  enjoy 
the  privileges  of  the  institution,  or  who  would  bring 
disgrace  upon  its  name  and  fame. 


REMARKS    OF    OTIS    NORCROSS.  37 

RESPONSE    OF    OTIS    NORCEOSS,    ESQ.    PRESIDENT    OF    THE 
BOARD    OF    TRUSTEES. 

Mr.  Mayor  :  As  President  of  the  Board  of  Trustees, 
I  receive  from  you  in  their  behalf  these  keys,  and  with 
them  the  custody  and  supervision  of  the  City  Hospital. 

In  behalf  of  the  Trustees  I  assure  you  that  there 
shall  be  no  want  of  attention  to  our  duties.  We  shall 
endeavor  so  to  conduct  the  affairs  of  the  institution  as 
to  carry  out  the  purposes  for  which  it  was  erected,  and 
to  merit  the  approbation  not  only  of  yourself,  but  of 
the  City  Council  and  the  citizens  at  large. 

The  City  Ordinance  of  1862,  relating  to  the  Hospital, 
required  the  election,  during  the  month  of  January, 
1863,  of  a  Board  of  eight  Trustees.  Although  the 
buildings  were  far  from  completion,  and  the  Trustees  if 
elected  would  have  no  direct  voice  in  their  construction, 
yet  the  City  Council,  in  accordance  with  the  Ordinance, 
made  the  election  at  the  required  time. 

The  Trustees,  upon  being  assured  by  the  Building 
Committee  that  the  furnishing  of  the  Hospital  would 
be  entrusted  to  them,  immediately  appointed  a  commit- 
tee to  visit  the  institutions  of  a  similar  kind  in  this  and 
other  States,  for  the  purpose  of  obtaining  information 
in  regard  to  the  best  method  of  conducting  hospitals, 
as  well  as  the  modern  improvements  in  furniture  and 
appointments. 

The  result  of  these  inquiries  was  very  satisfactory, 
and  enabled  the  Trustees  to  make  many  valuable  sug- 
gestions to  the  committee  on  construction,  concerning 
the  internal  arrangements  of  the  institution,  which  will 
add  much  to  the  comfort  and  convenience  of  the  in- 


38  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

mates,  as  well  as  to  its  economical  administration.  I 
desire  here,  in  the  name  of  the  Trustees,  to  thank  the 
gentlemen  of  the  Building  Committee  and  of  the  Hos- 
pital Committee  for  the  promptness  with  which  they 
have  responded  to  our  wishes. 

In  the  selection  of  furniture,  the  Trustees  have  en- 
deavored to  be  as  economical  as  was  consistent  with 
the  magnitude  of  the  building  and  the  credit  of  the 
city. 

They  were  early  aware  of  the  importance  of  select- 
ing a  competent  Superintendent,  who  could  devote  his 
whole  time  to  the  arrangement  of  the  various  details 
under  their  supervision ;  and  they  were  fortunate  in 
finding,  among  their  own  number,  a  gentleman  who 
had  taken  a  great  interest  in  the  Hospital,  and  who, 
being  at  leisure,  upon  the  request  of  the  Trustees,  ex- 
pressed a  willingness  to  accept  the  position.  Accord- 
ingly, a  temporary  arrangement  was  made  having  that 
end  in  view.  The  Trustees  are  under  great  obligations 
to  him  for  many  important  suggestions  and  improve- 
ments. 

They  were  also  impressed  with  the  importance  of 
creating  an  interest  in  the  Hospital  among  the  medical 
faculty  of  the  city,  and  they  entrusted  to  a  committee  the 
nomination  of  a  suitable  number  of  Consulting  and 
Visiting  Physicians  and  Surgeons,  to  form  a  permanent 
Board.  We  are  gratified  in  being  able  to  state  that 
our  appointments  appear  to  have  given  universal  satis- 
faction. We  learn  with  pleasure  that  these  gentlemen 
have  organized  themselves  under  the  style  of  "  The 
Association  of  Physicians  and  Surgeons  of  the  City 
Hospital,"  and  are  ready  to  commence  their  labors  as 


REMARKS    OF    OTIS    NORCROSS.  39 

soon  as  the  Hospital  has  patients  needing  tlieir  atten- 
tions. The  interest  so  far  manifested  promises  a  suc- 
cessful future. 

The  Trustees  were  early  called  upon  to  deplore  the 
loss  of  one  of  the  Board  of  Visiting  Physicians.  By 
the  death  of  Doctor  John  C.  Dalton,  we  were  deprived 
of  the  counsel  and  experience  of  one  of  the  most  emi- 
nent of  his  profession.  His  intention,  as  expressed  to 
his  family  and  friends,  to  devote  the  most  of  his  time 
and  talents  to  this  Hospital,  renders  his  decease  a  seri- 
ous misfortune,  not  only  to  this  institution,  but  to  the 
citizens  of  Boston. 

Within  a  few  weeks  we  have  again  been  called  upon 
to  mourn  the  decease  of  one  of  our  Board  of  Consult- 
ing Physicians.  By  the  decease  of  Doctor  John  Ware, 
we  have  been  deprived  of  the  advice  of  another  of  the 
most  practical  friends  of  the  Hospital. 

The  rules  and  regulations  of  the  principal  hospitals 
of  the  country  have  been  carefully  examined,  and  a 
code  adapted  to  our  own  has  been  prepared  and  sub- 
mitted to  the  City  Council  for  approval. 

It  will  not  be  inappropriate  here  to  say  a  few  words 
in  regard  to  the  future  of  the  Hospital,  and  to  give  the 
views  of  the  Trustees  as  to  the  purposes  for  which  it 
has  been  erected,  in  order  that  the  public  may  not  be 
misled  by  the  erroneous  title  of  Free  City  Hospital, 
which  is  sometimes  given  to  it.  That  it  will  be  free  to 
a  certain  extent  is  very  true,  but  not  to  the  extent  such 
a  title  would  imply. 

The  act  of  the  Legislature  of  1858  reads  as  fol- 
lows: — 

"  The  city  is  hereby  authorized  to  erect  and  maintain 


40  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

a  Hospital,  for  the  reception  of  persons  who,  by  mis- 
fortune or  poverty,  may  require  relief  during  temporary 
sickness."  ._ 

The  Report  of  the  Committee  of  the  City  Council  for 
1857  says  :  "  It  is  proper  to  state  that  the  terra  City 
Hospital  would  probably  express  better  the  character 
and  design  of  the  proposed  institution  than  Free  City 
Hospital.  We  would  not  have  this  a  hospital  for  the 
degraded  victims  of  vice  and  intemperance,  or  as  the 
home  for  the  hopeless  pauper  ;  but  we  would  have  it 
regarded  as  an  asylum  for  the  industrious  and  honest 
mechanic  and  laborer  who,  by  sudden  injury  or  disease, 
is  temporarily  prevented  from  laboring  for  his  own  or 
his  family's  support,  and  who,  by  proper  care  and 
medical  advice,  may  have  his  suffering  alleviated,  and 
be  sooner  restored  to  his  health  and  his  family,  and  be 
enabled  to  resume  his  labors." 

In  the  will  of  Mr.  Elisha  Goodriow,  who  was  the 
first  and  as  yet  its  most  liberal  donor,  we  find  written, 
"  and  by  such  hospital,  I  mean  an  institution  similar  to 
the  Massachusetts  General  Hospital ;  not  such  public 
hospital  as  may  be  established  or  maintained  in  connec- 
tion with  the  City  Almshouse,  or  House  of  Correction, 
or  other  municipal  establishment  for  the  care  and  relief 
of  paupers  supported  by  the  city." 

We  find  that  the  City  Ordinance  relating  to  this 
Hospital  says,  "  The  City  Hospital  is  established  for 
the  reception  of  those  only  who  require  temporary 
relief,  and  who  upon  their  restoration  wdll  be  able  to 
support  themselves." 

It  has  never  been  the  intention  of  the  City  Council 
to  make  this  a  pauper  hospital.     The  citizens  should 


REMARKS    OF    OTIS    NORCROSS.  41 

realize  this  fact ;  and  before  they  make  application  for 
the  admission  of  patients,  be  very  sure  of  the  right  of 
the  party  to  be  admitted.  Jt  will  often  be  difficult  to 
draw  the  line  which  separates  temporary  necessity  and 
pauperism ;  such  cases  must  be  left  to  the  judgment  of 
the  Trustees,  after  they  have  considered  all  the  circum- 
stances. 

Infectious  and  contagious  diseases  cannot  for  the 
present  be  admitted ;  we  have  no  provision  for  such 
cases,  beyond  the  requirements  of  this  Hospital,  should 
suchsdiseases  make  their  appearance  within  its  wards. 
At  no  distant  day  separate  buildings  will  dotibtless  be 
erected,  upon  the  premises,  for  the  treatment  of  such 
patients. 

Incurable  and  chronic  cases  cannot  be  received,  ex- 
cepting when  the  Trustees  and  Physicians  are  of  opin- 
ion that  temporary  medical  treatment  will  be  of  essential 
benefit  to  the  applicant,  —  otherwise  our  buildings 
would  soon  be  permanently  full. 

The  grounds  set  apart  for  the  use  of  the  Hospital, 
comprise  about  seven  acres,  which  will  allow  ample 
space  for  the  erection  of  any  additional  buildings,  which 
may  hereafter  be  required. 

We  trust  this  noble  charity,  designed  to  assist  the 
honest,  temperate  and  industrious  poor,  will  attract  the 
attention  of  many  of  the  men  of  wealth,  in  our  city 
and  vicinity,  and  that  we  may  be  enabled  to  add  their 
names  to  those  of  Goodnow  and  Nichols,  upon  our 
record  of  Benefactors. 

The  Trustees  take  great  pleasure  in  stating  that,  in 
their  opinion,  this  Hospital  will  compare  favorably  with 


42  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

any  similar  institution  in  the  country,  and  that  the  citi- 
zens of  Boston  have  reason  to  be  proud  of  it. 

Its  support  will  add  considerably  to  the  expense  of 
the  city;  but  the  Trustees  will  endeavor  to  be  as 
economical  in  the  expenditure  as  is  consistent  with 
humanity  and  the  welfare  of  the  Institution. 


ADDRESS, 

BY    THOMAS     C.     AMORY,    Jr 


In  consecrating  this  Hospital  to  the  Great  Being  who 
has  given  us  the  means  and  disposition  to  erect  it,  to 
serve  its  purpose  as  we  trust  for  centuries,  we  should 
do  injustice  to  our  better  nature,  did  we  not  pause  upon 
their  threshold,  to  express  our  gratitude.  We  have 
indeed  cause  to  be  thankful  in  having  this  added  to  the 
golden  circle  of  charities  for  which  Boston  has  been 
long  and  honorably  distinguished.  I  congratulate  you, 
Sir,  as  its  chief  magistrate,  and  also  the  members  of 
its  City  Council,  that  it  is  your  privilege,  as  almoners 
and  stewards  of  your  constituents,  to  transmit  to  their 
coming  generations  so  goodly  an  heritage. 

Kather  more  than  three  years  have  elapsed  since  the 
superintendence  of  this  Institution,  then  only  in  contem- 
plation, was  entrusted  to  a  Committee,  of  which,  dur- 
ing my  connection  with  the  City  Council,  I  was  the 
appointed  Chairman ;  and  having  had  since  the  honor 
to  preside  over  the  Board  of  Trustees,  will  explain  my 
being  permitted,  now  that  its  buildings  are  approaching 
completion,  to  participate  in  their  dedication.  Far  be 
it  from  me  to  claim  any  credit  for  their  construction,  or 
for  the  organization  of  that  admirable  system  of  gov- 


44  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

ernment  which  promises  to  prove  a  model  one  in  its  ad- 
ministration. The  gentlemen  with  whom  I  have  been 
so  long  and  so  intimately  associated,  will  admit  that  my 
heart  has  been  in  the  work,  and  that  my  best  efforts 
have  co-operated  with  their  own  in  endeavoring  to  bring 
it  to  perfection.     But  to  them  be  the  honor  of  success. 

If  in  this  consummation  of  a  hope  long  cherished,  and 
now  happily  realized,  we  cannot  be  unmindful  of  the 
zeal  and  public  spirit,  which  have  contributed  so  largely 
to  the  result,  it  would  be  idle  with  this  noble  edifice  ex- 
tending up  into  the  heavens  above  us,  and  with  their 
services  fresh  upon  our  minds,  to  attempt  to  discrimi- 
nate in  praise.  This  belongs  to  no  exclusive  few  ;  but 
should  be  generously  shared  by  all  who  have  given  us 
their  aid.  What  has  been  accomplished  is  their  all- 
sufhcient  monument ;  but  permit  me,  having  had  favor- 
able opportunities  for  observation,  to  bear  witness  to  the 
fidelity  and  untiring  self-devotion  of  one  and  all. 

When  the  corner-stone  was  laid,  no  masonic  rites, 
no  religious  exercises  sanctified  our  labors.  Circum- 
stances not  to  be  controlled  compelled  these  accustomed 
and  appropiiate  ceremonials  to  be  deferred.  But  to-day 
we  have  made  amends  in  invoking  the  blessing  of  God 
upon  the  future  usefulness  of  this  Institution.  Our 
people,  our  whole  people,  all  that  especially  constitutes 
us  an  enlightened,  charitable,  religious  community, 
having  through  their  constituted  authorities  constructed 
this  Hospital,  now  consecrate  it  upon  the  altar  of  Chris- 
tian humanity.  If  in  gloom  and  despondency  we  laid  its 
foundations ;  if  in  uncertainty  and  tribulation  we  have 
erected  its  walls ;  what  more  suitable  oblation  can  we 
now  offer,  with  grateful  hearts,  when  we  are  again  per- 


ADDRESS.  45 

mitted  the  hope  of  possessing  our  country  undimmished, 
—  our  liberties  unimpaired  ? 

If  comparatively  few  generations  of  men  have  passed 
since  our  puritan  fathers  first  planted  themselves  on 
these  then  sterile  coasts,  we  have  every  reason  to  be 
proud  of  the  record  they  have  left  us.  When  we  re- 
call the  various  vicissitudes,  the  peculiar  hardships  of 
their  lot,  their  many  perils  by  land  and  sea,  we  under- 
stand how  their  principal  strength  was  in  that  trust,  and 
which  they  constantly  exhibited  in  praise  and  prayer. 
What  period  of  their  eventful  history  but  brought  ex- 
periences to  improve  and  to  elevate?  When  we  re- 
member their  wise  and  virtuous  magistrates,  the  noble 
men  and  women  whose  names  come  down  to  us  in 
every  household  embalmed  in  deeds  of  charity,  the 
long  succession  of  pure  and  pious  clergymen,  who,  if 
intolerant  of  opinion,  encouraged  their  people  to  every 
good  work,  we  recognize  the  seed  that  was  sown  in  the 
fruit  ripening  around  us,  in  institutions  for  the  supply 
of  every  want,  for  the  relief  of  suifering,  for  the  moral 
training  as  well  as  physical  comfort  of  their  inmates. 
Each  successive  year  but  strengthens  the  assurance 
that  we  are  not  degenerate,  that  we  are  still  true  to  our 
traditions,  that  Boston  is  pre-eminently  a  Christian  city  ; 
and  that  the  event  which  we  this  day  celebrate,  in  no 
Pharisaical  spirit,  occupies  a  most  appropriate  place  in 
her  annals. 

It  is  worthy  of  note  that,  before  the  Christian  era, 
such  foundations  as  this,  or  indeed  any  other  for  chari- 
table purposes,  were  wholly  unknown.  The  Jew  drove 
the  leper  into  the  wilderness  to  perish.  Consideration 
for  human  weakness  formed  no  part  of  heathen  morality. 


46  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

It  was  from  our  Saviour's  teachings,  inculcated  by 
precept  and  example,  that  sprang  the  universal  sense  of 
obligation  to  minister  to  the  necessities  of  the  poor  and 
feeble.  Lazarettos  and  hospitals,  with  other  kindred 
charities,  clustered  under  the  shelter  of  the  Church,  and 
before  the  Keformation  their  charge  was  the  special  duty 
of  the  priests.  In  Protestant  countries,  while  private 
benevolence  is  ever  on  the  alert,  it  has  become  the 
settled  policy  and  adopted  law,  that  the  public  shall 
accord  a  reasonable  measure  of  relief  to  all  that  need. 
Wherever  the  cross  is  recognized  as  the  emblem  of 
life  and  hope  of  immortality,  spacious  edifices,  raised 
at  public  expense  or  by  private  contribution,  throw  open 
their  doors  to  all  who  will  receive  their  benefits.  What- 
ever the  form  in  which  humanity  is  afflicted,  whether  or- 
phan helplessness  or  the  infirmities  of  age,  whether  it  be 
the  mind,  the  conscience,  or  appetite  that  is  disordered, 
for  all  there  is  a  refuge  or  a  cure.  And  for  such  as 
those,  for  whose  alleviation  we  have  erected  these  walls, 
how  infinitely  and  variously  has  beneficence  provided. 
In  the  old  world  and  in  the  new,  wherever  an  enlight- 
ened philanthropy  has  fostered  a  sense  of  this  sacred 
duty,  liberal  endowments,  scientific  care  and  angel 
ministrations  have  smoothed  the  pillow  of  disease.  In 
London,  where  the  hospitals  are  almost  exclusively  pri- 
vate foundations,  monuments  of  individual  munificence, 
and  under  private  administration;  in  Paris,  where  they 
derive  a  support  from  the  public,  and  are  under  gov- 
ernment control,  beds  in  proportion  far  more  numerous 
than  in  any  of  our  own  cities,  are  at  the  disposal  of  the 
sick.  A  century  ago  our  own  Franklin  aided  to  found 
a  hospital  in  the  home  of  his  adoption,  and  later  the 


ADDRESS.  47 

great  commercial  metropolis  of  the  Continent  established 
another ;  but  a  long  period  was  destined  to  elapse  be- 
fore either  could  compare  in  completeness  with  those 
everywhere  to  be  found  in  the  great  capitals  of  Europe. 
There  alone,  sixty  years  ago,  could  an  aspirant  for 
proficiency  in  medical  science,  acquire  experience  to 
accomplish  himself  for  his  honored  career.  There  the 
present  head,  by  universal  suffrage,  of  our  faculty,*  laid 
the  deep  and  broad  foundations  of  that  professional 
knowledge,  which  have  made  him  so  pre-eminently  use- 
ful to  our  community,  of  which,  in  a  ripe  old  age,  with 
a  mind  in  pristine  vigor,  he  still  remains  one  of  the 
most  distinguished  ornaments.  In  returning  to  his  na- 
tive land,  his  earnest  desire  was  to  secure  for  his  own 
countrymen  similar  advantages  for  instruction,  and  for 
the  relief  of  unnecessary  sufi'ering.  He  estimated  aright 
the  cost,  but  still  had  faith  in  the  generosity  of  the 
affluent.  His  professional  associates,  and  prominently 
among  them  Dr.  Warren,  a  name  in  three  generations 
distinguished  for  surgical  skill  and  for  private  worth, 
lent  their  cordial  co-operation.  The  Embargo,  and  the 
war,  compelled  delay,  but,  when  returning  peace  again 
encouraged  eff'ort,  the  needed  means  were  supplied  with 
the  utmost  promptitude.  The  State  gave  the  Province 
House,  and  established  the  Life  Office ;  near  eighty 
thousand  dollars  were  contributed  in  three  days  through 
ward  organizations  ;  and  it  is  said  that,  at  a  meeting  of 
wealthy  citizens  round  a  convivial  board  in  Bowdoin 
Square,  more  than  twenty  thousand  dollars  were  sub- 
scribed. 

*  Dr.  James  Jackson. 


48  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

It  was  not  alone  the  cure  of  the  sick,  but  the  care  of 
the  insane  for  which  they  were  providing  ;  and  in  little 
more  than  ten  years  from  the  date  of  the  charter  in 
1811,  both  institutions,  that  in  Boston  and  that  in  Som- 
erville,  were  in  successful  operation.*  Ever  since,  these 
foundations  have  been  cherished  objects  for  the  bounty 
of  the  opulent,  more  than  a  million  and  a  half  of  dol- 
lars having  been  given  or  bequeathed  for  their  support. 
Many  an  interesting  anecdote  might  be  gleaned  in  con- 
nection with  their  early  history,  did  our  time  permit. 
In  one  instance  where  a  favorite  servant  fell  ill  of  a 
fatal  disease.  Dr.  Jackson,  the  family  physician,  advised 
her  removal  to  the  Hospital,  where  she  could  receive 
attentions  which  her  situation  demanded  more  eifec- 
tively  and  economically  than  in  a  private  house.  Here 
she  was  frequently  visited  by  her  employer,  who  was  so 
well  satisfied  with  the  management,  and  convinced  of 
the  good  it  was  eff'ecting,  that,  soon  after,  he  left  one 
hundred  and  twenty  thousand  dollars  to  the  Institution, 
one  branch  of  which  still  bears  his  name. 

If  physicians,  familiar  with  the  want  of  proper  med- 
ical care  in  the  dwellings  of  the  poor,  can  best  appre- 
ciate the  value  of  ample  hospital  accommodation,  if  all 
of  us  have  had  occasion  to  provide  for  persons  having 
such  claims  upon  our  compassion,  individuals  relieved 
often  feel  an  especial  sense  of  obligation  for  the  bene- 
fits conferred.  This  was  conspicuously  illustrated  in  a 
memorable    incident  in  our  annals,  forming    a   golden 

*  It  is  recorded,  and  may  serve  for  encouragement,  if  our  beds  are  not  im- 
mediately in  requisition,  that  the  first  patient  was  received  at  the  Hospital  on 
the  third  day  of  September,  1821,  and  that  there  was  no  other  application  be- 
fore the  twentieth. 


ADDRESS.  49 

link  between  us  and  the  parent  institution,  the  augury, 
as  we  hope,  of  continued  good  fellowship  in  the  promo- 
tion of  their  common  objects.  Our  earliest  benefactor, 
after  wandering  over  many  seas,  and  enduring  beyond 
the  reach  of  professional  aid  the  most  cruel  sufferings, 
w^as  the  first  to  be  operated  upon  in  the  Massachusetts 
General  Hospital.  Grateful  for  the  tender  assiduities 
of  the  eminent  surgeon  in  charge,  and  for  his  subse- 
quent immunity  from  pain,  a  quarter  of  a  century  later 
he  gave  the  larger  part  of  his  estate  towards  the  foun- 
dation of  this  City  Hospital. 

When  the  Massachusetts  Hospital  was  established, 
our  population  consisted  of  about  forty-five  thousand 
souls  ;  when  it  doubled,  the  dimensions  of  the  building 
were  enlarged  in  the  same  proportion,  and  now  that  we 
number  as  many  again,  it  is  reasonable  that  as  much 
additional  accommodation  shall  be  provided. 

Our  extended  limits,  as  well  as  a  growing  impression 
that  small  hospitals,  if  of  sufficient  capacity  for  classifi- 
cation and  efficient  control,  are  more  convenient  to  the 
public,  probably  induced  Mr.  Goodnow,  instead  of  add- 
ing to  the  funds  of  the  elder  foundation,  to  provide  for 
another ;  and  his  bequest  was  conditional  on  its  location 
in  the  Eleventh  Ward  or  at  South  Boston,  where,  when 
he  made  his  will,  he  was  residing.  This  instrument 
bears  date  the  twelfth  of  July,  1849,  a  few  weeks  after 
the  opening  of  the  temporary  w^ooden  building  on  the 
Fort  Hill  Mall  for  the  reception  of  cholera  patients. 
At  the  time,  this  mysterious  malady  was  again  sweep- 
ing through  the  cities  of  our  land,  and  of  six  thousand 
that  experienced  here  its  infectious  influence,  more 
than   six  hundred  perished.       This  fearful  visitation, 

7 


50  CITY   HOSPITAL. 

and  the  obvious  necessity  of  more  adequate  prepara- 
tion against  its  possible  recurrence,  no  doubt  influ- 
enced in  some  measure  the  testator  in  this  disposition 
of  his  property. 

The  physicians,  under  whose  efficient  direction  and 
care  the  Fort  Hill  Hospital  had  been  erected  and  con- 
ducted, and  among  them  with  paramount  claim  to  grate- 
ful acknowledgment  Dr.  Clark  and  Dr.  Buckingham, 
made  an  appeal,  in  the  autumn  of  that  year,  to  the  City 
Council  for  the  erection  of  a  more  permanent  structure. 
The  views  of  Dr.  Clark,  submitted  later,  as  city  physi- 
cian, to  the  government,  for  its  information,  were  many 
of  them  substantially  incorporated  in  the  plan  eventu- 
ally adopted.  In  1856,  a  memorial  forcibly  represent- 
ing the  urgent  want  of  more  ample  provision  for  the 
sick  poor,  prepared  by  one  of  our  trustees,  Dr.  William 
E-.  Lawrence,  was  presented  to  the  Mayor,  Hon.  Alex- 
ander H.  Kice,  who  recommended  the  subject  to  public 
attention  in  his  annual  address  in  1857.  Other  medical 
gentlemen  of  the  highest  rank  in  their  profession,  peti- 
tioned in  aid.  The  Committee  appointed  for  its  con- 
sideration, of  which  Hon.  Joseph  M.  Wightman  was 
chairman,  reported  in  favor  of  vigorous  measures.  The 
building  originally  constructed  and  used  for  a  Lying-in- 
Hospital  on  Springfield  Street,  afterwards  occupied  by 
the  Female  Medical  College,  and  now  as  a  Discharged 
Soldiers  Home,  was  purchased ;  and  an  act  1858,  ch. 
115,  authorizing  the  city  to  establish  a  hospital  procur- 
ed from  the  General  Court.  A  clause,  inserted  at  the 
instance  of  neighbors  needlessly  alarmed,  that  the  insti- 
tution should  not  be  within  three  hundred  feet  of  any 
church  or  schoolhouse  then  built,  prevented  the  use  of 


ADDRESS.  51 

the  estate  purchased  for  the  purpose  iutended.  Xot 
discouraged  by  this  disappointment,  the  project  was  con- 
tinued in  charge  of  able  committees,  and  although  prior 
to  1861  nothing  had  been  accomplished  but  the  selec- 
tion of  the  present  location,  it  ceased  not  to  form  in 
some  of  its  relations  a  prominent  topic  for  deliberation 
and  discussion. 

When  the  charge  devolved  upon  our  Committee,  we 
had  every  reason  to  believe,  from  the  prevailing  senti- 
ments of  the  City  Council,  that  we  were  expected  to 
proceed,  without  delay,  to  the  erection  of  the  buildings. 
Still,  prudence  as  well  as  propriety,  suggested  that  our 
Board  of  legally  constituted  medical  advisers  should  be 
consulted  as  to  the  actual  need.  Assembled  together, 
each  in  turn,  without  hesitation,  and  with  a  full  and 
unreserved  expression  of  opinion,  encouraged  immediate 
action.  Later,  when  the  dark  clouds  of  civil  discord, 
which  had  so  long  lowered  over  our  political  horizon, 
had  broken,  and  the  fall  of  Sumter,  the  disaster  of 
Bull  Run,  filled  with  dismay  every  breast  for  the  future 
of  our  country,  one  at  least  of  their  number  thought  we 
should  reserve  our  resources  for  the  more  pressing  exi- 
gences of  the  war.  These  considerations  were  respect- 
fully weighed  by  the  Committee,  who  concluded  that 
if  the  war  were  protracted,  the  proposed  institution 
would  be  useful,  if  not  for  the  reception  of  the  wounded, 
for  the  numerous  cases  of  chronic  disease  produced  by 
exposure  in  the  field.  Steps,  moreover,  had  already 
been  taken,  from  which  it  was  not  easy  to  recede. 

The  responsibility  of  selecting  a  location  had  been 
assumed  by  our  predecessors,  but  doubts  had  arisen  if 
this  were  of  all  others  the  one  to  be  preferred.     A  site 


52  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

on  solid  ground,  more  central,  more  elevated,  and  nearer 
to  the  sea,  seemed  more  eligible,  if  to  be  obtained. 
But  to  each  and  every  spot  were  found  objections,  out- 
weighing any  advantage  it  possessed.  Finally  discour- 
aged, we  returned  to  our  earlier  choice.  Here  we  had 
ample  space.  The  public  domain  of  seventy  acres 
could  well  spare  one  tenth  of  its  area  for  so  sacred  a 
purpose.  Indeed,  this  consecration  of  a  part  to  be 
covered  with  handsome  edifices,  and  adorned  with 
flowers  and  shrubs,  would  enhance  the  value  of  the 
rest.  Representations  were  made  to  the  Land  Commis- 
sion, that  the  size  of  the  lot  might  not  meet  the  future 
requirements  of  the  Hospital,  and  the  location  was  en- 
larged to  double  the  extent  originally  appropriated.* 

Meanwhile,  many  of  our  most  eminent  architects, 
after  devoting  several  weeks  to  the  elaboration  of  de- 
signs for  the  building,  submitted  them  in  competition 
for  the  premium  and  for  adoption.  With  so  much  for 
encomium,  in  their  elegance  of  form,  graceful  decora- 
tion, and  convenience  of  arrangement,  selection  was 
difficult.  Others  than  that  finally  adopted,  had  strong 
claims  upon  our  preference.  After  long  study  and  re- 
flection, and  successively  rejecting  those  least  suited  to 

*  Should  the  South  Bay  he  used  to  any  extent  as  a  receptacle  for  sewage, 
like  the  Back  Bay  it  will  soon  become  a  nuisance,  and  find  its  way  into  the 
State  coffers  for  the  advantage  of  every  part  of  the  Commonwealth  hut  Bos- 
ton. But  if  enlarged  and  excavated  throughout,  as  it  has  been  in  part,  six  feet 
below  low-tide  level,  and  retained  as  a  tidal  reservoir  for  the  preservation  of 
Fort  Point  Channel  and  its  wharves,  this  ornamental  basin  will  add  to  the  at- 
tractiveness and  salubrity  of  the  whole  neighborhood ;  its  margin  devoted  to 
the  useful  arts,  and  kept  free  from  all  that  are  offensive,  will  be  of  value  for 
trade  and  industry;  and  its  breezes  freshened  by  the  tides,  bring  health  and 
cure  to  our  patients.  Let  neither  State  nor  City  Government  permit  its  de- 
struction. 


ADDRESS.  53 

our  purpose,  the  Committee  and  their  advisers  coin- 
cided with  remarkable  unanimity  upon  the  plan  of  Mr. 
Bryant.  In  its  preparation,  he  had  extensively  availed 
himself  of  the  suggestions  of  Dr.  Clark  as  to  the  ele- 
vation and  general  disposition  of  the  pavilions  and  sev- 
eral apartments.  What  especially  recommended  this 
to  our  choice,  was,  that  all  parts  of  the  wards  were 
abundantly  exposed  to  sun  and  air. 

Upon  our  representation,  the  City  Council  gave  the 
requisite  authority  in  concurrence  to  the  committees  on 
the  Hospital  and  Public  Buildings.  After  the  settlement 
of  conflicting  opinions,  the  accepted  plan  was  carefully 
rearranged,  so  that  the  group  of  buildings  should  front 
towards  Harrison  Avenue ;  and,  before  the  close  of  the 
year,  the  piles  were  driven  and  the  contracts  signed. 
The  low  price  of  labor  and  materials,  and  high  pre- 
miums on  Citv  Stock  when  sold,  both  told  in  favor  of 
the  city. 

In  the  original  estimates,  no  allowance  had  been 
made  for  that  massive  stone- work  beneath  the  surface, 
indispensable  in  raising  the  basement  to  a  safe  grade 
above  the  tide,  or  for  that  system  of  heating  and  ven- 
tilation, now  becoming  more  and  more  generally 
adopted,  wherever  large  numbers  of  persons  are  con- 
gregated under  the  same  roof.  Nor  did  we  include 
our  beautiful  dome,  one  of  the  noblest  architectural 
ornaments  of  the  city,  which,  while  suited  to  the  dig- 
nity of  a  public  edifice  of  this  nature,  is  a  constant 
source  of  delight  to  every  beholder.  Large  as  has 
been  the  cost,  there  has  been  little  profit  to  any,  and 
loss  to  a  few  ;  and  the  annual  expenditure  of  one  hun- 


54  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

dred  thousand  dollars  has  imposed  no  heavy  burden  on 
the  public  treasury. 

Were  we  permitted,  with  our  present  experience,  to 
recommence  our  task,  the  control  would  be  left  with 
a  single  committee,  and  to  fewer  minds.  Frequently 
differences  of  opinion  and  misapprehension  of  our  re- 
spective rights  and  powers,  threatened  serious  inter- 
ruption. This  was  an  unavoidable  consequence  of  the 
adopted  plan,  which  still  had  the  important  recommen- 
dation of  securing  for  its  succesful  accomplishment  a 
great  variety  of  information  and  ability,  and  of  enlist- 
ing the  vigilant  supervision  of  a  large  number  of  the 
City  Council.  With  so  many  to  be  considered  and 
consulted,  it  is  remarkable  that  so  great  a  degree  of 
harmony  prevailed.  But  one  generous  spirit  seemed 
to  animate  all  in  perfecting  the  plans,  expediting  the 
construction,  and  securing  the  best  material  and  work- 
manship at  a  moderate  cost.  Time  and  toil  were 
cheerfully  yielded,  at  the  sacrifice  of  private  interests 
and  personal  ease,  by  members  of  the  committees, 
whose  counsels  were  valuable  beyond  price. 

If  the  progress  made  has  ever  disappointed  expec- 
tation, it  must  be  borne  in  mind  that  with  the  excep- 
tion of  the  piles  under  the  walls,  driven  about  thirty 
feet  in  depth,  and  placing  in  position  some  portion  of 
the  rough  stone  foundation,  no  part  of  the  building 
was  commenced  before  the  spring  of  1862.  Conse- 
quently but  little  more  than  two  years  have  been  con- 
sumed in  construction.  The  rally  of  the  North  to  sus- 
tain the  Government  in  its  efforts  to  suppress  the 
E^ebellion,  only  more  general  and  enthusiastic  with 
every  discouragement,  the  increasing  demand  for  skilled 


ADDRESS.  55 

workmen  to  provide  our  navy  and  army  with  vessels 
and  munitions  of  war,  enhanced  wages  and  diminished 
the  supply  of  mechanical  labor.  Notwithstanding 
these  embarrassments,  the  despatch  has  rarely  been 
equalled  in  any  structure,  of  the  like  magnitude ;  and 
delays  which  at  the  moment  provoked  impatience, 
proved  of  advantage  in  hardening  and  maturing  the 
work  as  it  advanced,  and  affording  opportunity  for 
many  improvements. 

Much  remains  to  be  accomplished.  Years  must 
elapse  before  all  parts  of  the  design  will  be  brought 
to  the  degree  of  perfection  originally  contemplated. 
Whatever  is  absolutely  indispensable  to  efficient  disci- 
pline, or  exacted  by  good  taste  or  decorum,  will  not  be 
delayed.  Preliminary  measures  have  already  been 
taken  for  a  substantial  enclosure,  for  isolated  apart- 
ments for  offensive  diseases,  for  grading  and  decorating 
the  grounds.  Gardens  in  due  season  will  be  laid  out 
and  planted  for  the  recreation  of  convalescents.  Roses 
and  lilachs,  the  plash  of  fountains  and  the  warble  of 
birds,  will  make  that  exercise  agreeable  which  is  es- 
sential to  speedy  cure,  and  for  which  our  ample  space 
will  admit  of  walks  of  sufficient  length.  Should  the 
open  corridors  connecting  the  buildings  be  closed  with 
glass,  and  made  comfortable  in  the  cooler  weather  with 
steam,  patients  whose  frames  are  not  sufficiently  rein- 
vigorated  to  brave  the  open  air,  surrounded  by  plants 
and  objects  of  art,  and  for  a  while  removed  from  the 
confinement  and  monotony  of  the  wards,  will  then  be 
cheered  and  amused. 

Since  our  municipal  organization,  the  construction 
of  buildings  for  educational,  charitable,  and  economical 


56  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

purposes,  has  kept  pace  with  our  growth,  the  govern- 
ment havmg  been  exceedingly  liberal  for  every  need, 
except  for  its  own  accommodation.  Even  this  exception 
will  soon  be  removed  by  the  magnificent  structure  now 
in  process  of  erection.  These  buildings  are  adapted  to 
our  wants,  and  their  cost  should  not  be  regretted.  Our 
debt,  independent  of  the  expenditure  for  water  works, 
on  which  the  revenue  more  than  pays  the  interest,  but 
little  exceeds  three  millions  of  dollars,  about  equal  to 
one  year's  city  expenditure,  not  far  from  one  per  cent 
upon  our  valuation.  Indeed,  had  provision  been  sea- 
sonably made  in  central  positions,  for  military,  market, 
and  other  similar  uses,  more  respect  would  have  been 
paid  to  this  wise  policy.  We  trust  that  a  liberal  pro- 
portion of  our  municipal  outlay  will  ever  be  for  per- 
manent works  of  utility,  for  pubhc  buildings,  not  only 
substantial  but  ornamental ;  that  our  modern  Athens 
may  have  its  apples  of  gold  in  pictures  of  silver,  and  be 
as  distinguished  for  its  material  beauty  as  for  its  achieve- 
ments in  art,  literature,  and  science,  for  its  religious  cul- 
ture and  charitable  contributions.  Be  it  ever  remem- 
bered, in  connection  with  our  history,  that  there  has 
not  been  a  single  vote  in  opposition,  or  objection  made 
to  any  appropriation  for  the  Hospital.  But  it  has  been 
from  the  beginning,  and  no  doubt  will  continue,  an 
object  of  affectionate  regard  with  the  City  Council. 

If  not  yet  complete,  our  buildings  and  arrangements 
conform  very  generally  to  the  hygienic  and  sanitary 
rules  laid  down  by  the  highest  authorities  in  Europe 
upon  Hospital  construction  ;  they  have  been  pronounced 
by  some  of  our  own  most  competent  judges  to  be  the 
best   upon    this  continent ;    and   we   may  well   flatter 


ADDRESS.  57 

ourselves  that  we  possess  an  institution  of  no  ordinary 
excellence.  Under  our  experienced  Board  of  Control, 
with  our  well-selected  medical  attendants,  our  admi- 
rably qualified  Superintendent,  with  a  system  of  Eules 
and  Kegulations,  elaborated  after  long  deliberation 
with  the  utmost  care,  I  congratulate  you,  gentlemen, 
upon  the  favorable  auspices  under  which,  by  the  bless- 
ing of  Providence,  we  open  these  halls. 

Let  us  hope  that  by  a  generous  use  of  them  we  shall 
continue  to  deserve  that  blessing.  The  Statute  author- 
izes the  establishment  of  a  hospital  for  the  reception  of 
"  persons  who,  by  misfortune  or  poverty,  may  require 
relief  during  temporary  sickness."  The  bequest  of  Mr. 
Goodnow  is  limited  to  an  Institution  similar  to  the 
Massachusetts,  to  be  suitably  endowed,  but  not  for  the 
relief  of  paupers  supported  by  the  city.  These  pro- 
visions are  sufficiently  explicit,  and,  by  a  reasonable 
construction,  should  embrace  all  of  our  inhabitants 
whose  complaints  are  not  of  a  permanent  character 
We  have  no  paupers  supported  by  the  city  outside  of 
the  Institutions.  All  who  prefer  toil  to  dependence,  or 
who  when  well  subsist  upon  their  own  resources,  should 
be  suffered,  under  proper  limitations,  to  use  these 
wards. 

But  the  respectable  poor,  virtuous,  neat  and  well- 
conducted,  should  not  be  subjected  to  daily  intercourse 
with  the  profligate,  who,  by  intemperance  and  vicious 
indulgence,  have  degraded  themselves  to  the  level  of 
the  brute  ;  whose  unseemly  habits,  profane  and  rude 
conversation,  would  soon  drive  all  others  away.  For 
their  convenience  these  apartments  were  never  intended, 
but  both  City  and   State   have   made   other   provision. 


58  CITY    HOSriTAL. 

The  government  should  be  firm  in  declining  to  receive 
them,  in  compelling  their  removal  when  inadvertently 
admitted.  Its  duty  to  the  public,  from  whose  treasury 
these  buildings  have  been  erected,  imposes  the  obliga- 
tion that  they  shall  be  used  for  their  legal  purpose,  and 
that  the  children's  bread  shall  not  be  misapplied.  Its 
decrees  may  often  involve  considerations  not  to  be  ex- 
plained or  communicated,  and  should  be  final  without 
question  or  appeal. 

Should  the  benefits  of  the  Institution  be  confined  to 
such  alone  as  have  acquired  or  inherited  a  legal  settle- 
ment, it  would  remain  much  of  the  time  untenanted. 
Whoever  are  familiar  with  Boston  and  its  people, 
know  well  that  there  are  but  few  of  this  class  who  do 
not  prefer  the  privacy  of  their  own  dwellings,  and  the 
attendance  of  their  own  kindred,  to  any  advantage  to 
be  gained  from  the  best  scientific  care  in  a  hospital. 
This  feeling  is  deeply  seated,  and  prevailed  extensively 
in  Massachusetts  in  the  early  days  of  hospital  experience. 
One  of  our  former  governors,  who  had  held  the  highest 
federal  offices  at  home  and  abroad,  who  gave  to  the 
University  its  largest  bequest,  meeting  with  an  accident 
in  the  street  from  which  he  narrowdy  escaped  with  his 
life,  insisted,  in  order  to  remove  this  prejudice,  upon 
being  carried  to  the  Hospital.  His  example  may  have 
had  its  eff'ect.  But  we  doubt  if  many  of  our  own  peo- 
ple, born  in  Boston,  when  tolerably  comfortable  at 
home,  will  go,  when  ill,  among  strangers  to  be  cured. 

This  great  emporium  of  commercial  and  social  ac- 
tivity to  the  Commonwealth  and  surrounding  States, 
has  expanded  with  the  national  life  far  beyond  any 
natural  laws  of  development.     Its  wealth  and  position 


ADDRESS.  ^  59 

have  attracted  from  sea  and  shore,  as  from  distant 
lands,  not  the  magnates  of  our  exchange  alone,  or  our 
professional  celebrities,  but  the  great  mass  of  our  in- 
dustry, enterprise,  and  thrift.  Our  own  youth,  as  they 
reach  maturity,  seek  more  encouraging  theatres  of 
action  abroad,  or  where  the  days  lengthen  in  the  West ; 
and  strangers  in  lineament  and  language  swarm  to  our 
busy  hive,  where  there  is  work  for  all.  Whoever 
dwells  within  our  limits  should  share  our  privileges, 
as  w^ell  as  bear  our  burdens,  and  this  noble  charity 
will  fail  of  its  intent  should  it  not,  while  considerate  of 
every  prejudice,  treat  with  the  same  impartial  tender- 
ness all  sects,  colors,  and  nationalities. 

It  was  the  often  expressed  opinion  of  the  early  ad- 
vocates for  the  establishment  of  this  Institution,  that 
young  men  and  women  from  other  towns  or  States, 
engaged  here  in  earning  their  livelihood,  would  derive 
from  it  the  principal  advantage.  Their  meagre  recom- 
pense furnishes  no  supplies  for  illness.  They  reside 
in  crowded  dwellings,  Avhose  proprietors,  by  rigid  econ- 
omy, just  meeting  their  own  obligations,  cannot  afford 
to  be  generous.  In  cold  rooms,  with  unsuitable  nour- 
ishment, they  are  often  driven  to  distant  homes  to 
perish.  Their  toil  contributes  to  our  prosperity ;  they 
form  an  important  part  of  our  population ;  many 
among  them,  in  the  future,  will  be  the  most  useful 
members  of  our  society.  They  Avould  seem,  of  all 
others,  entitled,  by  a  liberal  interpretation  of  the  stat- 
ute, to  enjoy  its  benefits,  —  care  of  course  being  taken 
to  secure  a  just  reimbursement  when  authorized  by 
law.  Travellers  at  public  houses,  when  overtaken  by 
disease,  away  from  family  and  friends,  are  also  objects 


60  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

of  compassion  ;  and  for  them  are  arranged  in  the  cen- 
tral building,  coQimodious  apartments,  where  every  com- 
fort and  luxury,  within  their  means  to  purchase,  will 
be  supplied. 

Were  the  roofs  of  a  great  city  once  removed,  and  we 
w^ere  permitted  to  witness  all  the  aches  and  agonies 
that  rack  our  fellow-mortals ;  could  we  realize,  as  we 
walk  the  crowded  thoroughfares,  how  few  of  those  we 
meet  are  free  from  corporal  infirmities,  life  would  lose 
half  its  charm.  Yet  how  much  of  this  suffering  might 
be  prevented  or  relieved.  If  no  good  caliph  wanders 
under  our  stars,  with  succor  or  bezants  for  those  who 
need,  Christian  charity  should  never  rest,  so  long  as  it 
may  at  least  alleviate  the  ill  it  cannot  cure.  How 
many  are  condemned  to  bear,  through  long  and  pain- 
ful years,  bodily  afflictions,  without  hope  this  side  the 
tomb.  Could  such  as  these  be  welcomed,  for  a  while, 
wdthin  these  walls,  and  learn  how,  Avhen  again  at 
home,  to  mitigate  their  pains,  much  useless  sorrow 
might  be  saved. 

For  years  over  all  our  land  will  be  left  the  footprints 
of  this  insane  Rebellion,  its  desolating  mark  throughout 
our  habitations.  The  poignancy  of  recent  bereave- 
ment, the  wail  of  woe  refusing  to  be  comforted,  may 
give  place  to  chastened,  hallowed  pride  in  the  heroic 
dead.  The  veteran  will  glory  in  his  scars,  in  the  na- 
tional emblem  retrieved  from  dishonor,  by  his  valor  and 
his  blood.  Yet  if  since  Eden,  strife  has  been  the  pen- 
alty of  man,  if  a  great  people  must  have  a  great  and 
eventful  history,  if  warfare  be  the  appointed  discipline 
of  nations,  its  consequences  are  still  to  be  deplored. 
Already  more  than  a   million  cases  have  thronged  our 


ADDRESS.  61 

army  wards.  The  maimed  and  crippled  haunt  our 
daily  paths.  Shattered  constitutions  will  long  plead 
and  not  in  vain  for  our  softest  couch,  our  choicest  oint- 
ments, and  even  now,  should  no  place  be  elsewhere 
left  for  that  vast  host  that  forms  war's  latest  harvest, 
many  may  find  it  here  and  not  exclude  those  for  whose 
especial  use  these  buildings  were  erected. 

To  the  wan  mother,  who  has  wasted  what  remained 
to  her  of  strength  in  tears  for  the  lost  objects  of  her 
love  ;  for  once  vigorous  manhood,  now  prostrate  in  its 
prime,  to  whose  impoverishment,  perhaps  embittered 
by  exile,  death  would  be  but  a  too  welcome  guest ;  for 
the  noble  boy,  doubly  endeared  by  parental  solicitude, 
w^ho  may  yet,  perhaps,  be  snatched  from  an  untimely 
doom,  when  they  lie  down  here  on  their  sick-beds,  to 
live  or  die,  as  Heaven  in  its  mercy  may  decree,  there 
should  be  kindly  yielded  every  solace  of  a  home.  For 
those  fearful  casualties,  to  which  we  are  all  of  us  at  any 
time  exposed,  these  wards  should  open  their  doors  both 
day  and  night.  The  workman  fearlessly  exposing  him- 
self to  the  perils  of  his  craft,  any  individual  sustaining 
bodily  harm  amidst  the  turmoil  and  confusion  of  our 
busy  life,  is  entitled  to  the  kindest  care.  Homeless 
wanderers  about  our  streets,  whose  misfortunes  are  ag- 
gravated by  disease,  should  be  provided  with  temporary 
shelter.  Indeed,  we  trust  wherever  removal  to  the 
islands  or  the  almshouses  would  be  a  hardship,  our 
sterner  policy  will  bow  to  the  gentler  instincts  of  hu- 
manity. 

Dread  of  contagion,  demoralizing  all  sense  of  con- 
sanguinity or  obligation,  has  yielded  to  the  advance  of 
science.     Still,  it  is  generally  admitted  that  miasmata 


62  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

or  exhalations  from  infected  bodies  taint  the  atmos- 
phere, and  where  there  exists  susceptibility,  communi- 
cate disease.  Measles,  mumps,  and  similar  affections, 
universal  heirlooms  of  our  nature,  hid  in  its  bud  and 
thrown  off  with  its  expansion,  and  working  it  free  from 
liability  to  their  recurrence,  will  rarely  have  occasion 
to  cross  our  threshold.  But  the  great  scourges  of  our 
race,  variola,  scarlatina,  typhus,  and  various  cutaneous 
afflictions,  treated  abroad  promiscuously  in  public 
wards,  should  neither  be  left  in  crowded  dwellings  to 
fester  and  corrupt,  nor  permitted  to  strike  consternation 
here,  or  in  families  near  by.  Gathered  into  separate 
buildings,  everywhere  and  at  all  times  permeated  by 
fresh  currents  of  air,  to  be  drawn  off  and  divested  of 
impurities  by  passing  through  burning  flames,  they  will 
be  rendered  harmless,  and  every  reasonable  apprehen- 
sion of  their  spreading  be  removed. 

Consumption,  paralysis,  spinal  maladies,  and  others 
usually  pronounced  incurable,  may  be  rapid  in  their 
work  or  painfully  protracted.  Professional  experience 
may  conjecture  probabilities,  but  not  determine.  If 
there  is  possibility  of  substantial  relief  from  temporary 
care,  they  fall  within  the  statute,  but  the  Board  must 
decide  each  case  upon  its  merits.  The  general  average 
of  hospital  treatment  is  about  thirty  days,  and  pro- 
longed and  helpless  suffering  would  occupy  space  in- 
tended for  a  different  purpose.  We  undoubtedly  need, 
and '  eventually  may  hope,  to  possess  distinct  establish- 
ments for  paralysis  and  chest  diseases,  for  those  who 
are  bedridden  or  decrepid  from  other  bodily  infirmities. 
Let  us  hope,  that  that  wisdom,  which  presides  over  our 
numerous  public  and  private  institutions,  will  soon  see 


ADDRESS. 


63 


the  importance  of  acting  in  unison,  and  of  appoitioning 
their  respective  fields  of  nsefuhiess,  so  as  to  secure  to 
every  grief  its  suitable  asylum. 

There  are  others  to  whom  it  is  to  be  wished  that 
these  gates  may  not  be  forever  closed.  One  objection 
to  many  against  recourse  to  hospital  treatment  is  that 
tiiey  must  be  deprived  of  the  attendance  of  their  own 
physicians.  If  this  indulgence  could  be  permitted  at 
the  discretion  of  the  Board,  and  at  once  withdrawn 
when  tending  to  evil,  the  usefulness  of  the  Institution 
might  be  enlarged. 

A  numerous  and  intelligent  portion  of  our  people 
believe  in  the  views  of  Hahnneman,  that  what  produces 
disease  will  cure  it,  and  that  there  are  specifics  of 
which  infinitesimal  doses  will  restore  the  health,  how- 
ever much  disturbed.  They  have  requested  part  of 
our  buildings  for  their  patients  and  practice,  under 
charge  of  their  own  physicians.  The  petitioners  are 
men  of  character,  tax-payers,  entitled  to  consideration  ; 
but  such  radical  difi'erences  of  professional  opinion  exist 
between  their  practitioners  and  the  regular  faculty, 
that  any  attempt  to  combine  both  methods  of  cure 
under  the  same  roof,  must  inevitably  lead  to  conten- 
tion. Far  better  for  the  city  treasury  to  contribute 
at  som.e  future  day  in  aid  of  a  separate  establish- 
ment. 

Electricity,  hydropathy,  hot  and  cold,  mild  and  he- 
roic, Thompsonianism,  Indian  herbs  ard  simples,  all 
have  their  advocates  as  sovereign  remedies,  as  univer- 
sal panaceas.  Some  even  have  faith,  as  modes  of  cure, 
in  clairvoyance,  mesmerism,  spiritualism,  and  manifold 
other  popular  fallacies.     The  proposed  practice  here. 


64 


CITY    HOSPITAL. 


while  sanctioned  by  the  government,  will  be  that 
taught  in  our  University,  followed  by  the  larger  num- 
ber of  our  faculty,  and  by  the  leaders  of  professional 
science  in  all  civilized  countries.  Our  medical  board 
are  competent  to  determine  the  efficacy  of  new  meth- 
ods, and  sufficiently  independent  to  put  them  to  practi- 
cal use  when  approved.  If  in  a  popular  institution 
all  opinions  are  to  be  treated  with  respect,  the  authori- 
ties as  constituted  are  responsible  and  must  decide  what 
can  be  safely  adopted.  When,  in  their  judgment,  baths, 
electric  currents,  or  patent  medicines,  will  soothe  pain, 
or  drive  away  peccant  humors  from  the  blood,  no  bias 
or  preconceived  notion  will  be  permitted  to  stand  in 
the  way  of  their  application.  Patients  requiring  other 
treatment  than  that  provided  here  must  seek  it  some- 
where else. 

We  need  feel  but  little  apprehension  that  our  wards 
will  remain  idle.  We  trust  that  no  calamity  will  ever 
crowd  them  as  were  those  of  the  Hotel  Dieu,  of  Paris, 
the  oldest  hospital  of  Europe,  now  being  demolished, 
which  a  century  ago  contained,  with  its  twelve  hun- 
dred beds,  sometimes  more  than  four  thousand  patients. 
But  should  we  be  spared  the  scourge  of  war  near 
home,  cholera  or  other  epidemics  may  again  revisit  us. 
If,  in  our  temperate  zone,  and  with  our  present  sani- 
tary precautions,  the  smallpox,  and  the  plague,  or  pes- 
tilence in  shapes  as  malignant  and  appalling,  which  in 
other  climes  and  ages  have  depopulated  cities,  are  no 
longer  to  be  dreaded.  Pandora's  box  is  not  yet  ex- 
hausted. Disorders  numberless  will  still  defy  preven- 
tion, and  harass  our  poor  bodies  from  the  cradle  to  the 
grave.     Within  a  few  }ears,  six  hospitals  have  been  es- 


ADDRESS.  65 

tablished  here,  or  greatly  enlarged,  and  all  their  beds 
are  in  request.  A  city  so  affluent  as  Boston  may  well 
be  provided  in  advance  of  present  wants,  and  prepared 
for  exigencies  that  may  come  when  least  expected. 

These  buildings  now  at  the  extreme  limits  of  our 
population,  will  soon  be  in  the  midst  of  a  crowded 
neighborhood.  Ascend  our  cupola  when  the  sun  is 
bright  and  the  tide  full,  the  pleasant  scene  around  and 
beneath  wins^s  the  imao^ination  into  a  future,  not  far 
remote.  Easy  communication  with  Dorchester  Bay  for 
drainage  and  perhaps  for  navigation,  long  blocks  of 
houses  approaching  completion,  numerous  works  de- 
voted to  the  useful  arts,  remind  us  of  our  rapid  growth. 
All  this  territory  converging  to  one  centre,  and  bound 
by  common  interests,  must  become  compact,  homoge- 
neous, one  municipality.  No  natural  barrier  prevents 
consolidation,  and  as  our  commercial  consequence  in 
the  view  of  distant  merchants,  when  they  seek  a  mar- 
ket for  their  merchandise,  depends  in  some  measure 
on  our  reputed  wealth  and  numbers,  the  liberal  use  of 
these  halls  may  become  another  argument  with  our 
sister  city,  as  well  as  with  ourselves,  in  favor  of  annex- 
ation. But  whether  united  or  separated,  it  would  be 
churlish  to  refuse  to  neighboring  places,  or  to  other 
parts  of  the  Commonwealth,  space  within  our  walls 
not  needed  for  our  own  inhabitants. 

Should  their  reception  involve  the  construction  of 
additional  buildings,  with  due  equivalents,  this  will  be 
no  disadvantage.  Pavilions  corresponding  to  our  pres- 
ent wings  would  give  opportunity  for  better  classifica- 
tion, for  separating  sexes,  ages,  and  conditions,  mal- 
adies that  may  annoy  or  be  offensive.     Persons  who  are 


66  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

sensitive  should  be  spared  from  the  ravings  of  deliri- 
um, the  susceptible  and  timid  saved  from  the  terrors  of 
contagion,  the  innocence  of  childhood  from  contamina- 
tion even  more  to  be  dreaded.  Humanity  casts  a  veil 
round  life  trembling  at  its  fountain,  lulls  to  the  repose 
which  renews  its  vigor,  shrouds  with  solemn  stillness 
the  couch  on  which  it  is  ebbing  away  forever.  The 
quiet  pervading  these  chambers  of  the  sick  is  ever  im- 
pressive, but  the  restlessness  of  fever,  the  moan  of  pain, 
even  the  gliding  form  and  muffled  tread  may  at  times 
disturb.  Rooms  sufficiently  numerous  for  all  forms  and 
stages  of  disease,  afford  facilities  for  cure,  desirable 
when  prudence  justifies  the  cost. 

Any  considerable  increase  of  numbers,  rendering 
imperative  such  an  extension,  will  warrant  the  contin- 
ued residence  on  the  premises  of  a  physician,  familiar 
with  practice,  who  without  interfering  with  the  treat- 
ment prescribed  by  the  regular  medical  attendants  can 
decide  questions  of  detail,  constantly  occurring  in  crit- 
ical cases,  to  the  great  comfort  and  safety  of  the  pa- 
tients, Recovery  often  depends  upon  the  instant  appli- 
cation of  powerful  remedies,  a  responsibility  not  to  be 
assumed  without  experience,  and  for  three  fourths  of 
each  day  no  other  physician  will  be  within  call  but  the 
resident  graduates.  In  the  night  season  in  a  large 
city,  the  victims  of  violence  from  vice  or  intemperance, 
are  more  numerous  than  by  day,  and  frequently  must 
be  operated  upon  forthwith  for  the  preservation  of  life. 
Moreover,  in  ascertaining  the  propriety  of  admitting 
applicants,  a  duty  is  to  be  performed  demanding  a 
thorough  knowledge  of  the  symptoms  of  numberless 
complaints,  and    which  does   not  properly  fall  within 


ADDRESS. 


67 


the  province  either  of  the  graduates  or  attending  phy- 
sicians. 

The  disorder  of  the  applicant  may  be  contagious, 
chronic,  or  incurable,  better  cared  for  at  home  or  in 
some  other  hospital ;  perhaps  with  some  simple  rem- 
edy, some  slight  operation,  employments  may  be  re- 
sumed on  which  the  family  bread  is  dependent.  Dis- 
pensary may  serve  as  well  as  hospital  treatment,  and 
will  be  extended  here,  at  stated  times,  to  the  needy. 
Provision  is  made  for  this  in  other  sections  of  the  city, 
but  to  be  very  useful  to  busy  toil,  should  be  close  at 
hand.  When  we  reflect  how  often  the  households  of 
the  poor  are  thrown  into  confusion  by  pain  or  other 
bodily  disability,  what  sacrifices  of  personal  comfort 
and  usefulness,  what  heavy  burdens  on  society  from  pau- 
perism and  mendicancy  are  prevented  by  the  timely 
check  of  disease,  we  know  how  to  value  our  good  Sa- 
maritans. But  shame  to  him  who  has  abundant  means 
and  does  not  pay  his  physician.  The  supply  of  science 
and  skill  are  proportionate  to  their  reward,  and  he 
wrongs  the  public  who  withholds  the  recompense  in 
his  power  to  pay,  either  for  medical  counsel  or  hospi- 
tal care.  Practical  wisdom,  professional  experience, 
incessant  vigilance,  must  be  the  three-headed  Cer- 
berus at  our  gates  to  protect  us  from  imposition, 
and  to  keep  out  of  our  beds  those  who  ought  not  to  be 
here. 

Established  precedent,  immemorial  usage  cannot  be 
easily  should  not  be  lightly  disturbed,  and  yet  if  relig- 
ious exercises  are  appropriate  in  halls  of  instruction  or 
legislation,  they  surely  cannot  be  out  of  place  among 
the  sick  and  the  dying.     The  wards  of  St.  Luke's  com- 


68  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

municate  with  the  chapel,  and  the  sacred  language  of 
praise  and  supplication,  mingled  with  choral  harmo- 
nies, are  daily  wafted  to  the  bedside  of  those  inclined 
to  devotion.  Catholic  rites,  where  requested,  have 
been  always  administered  in  our  other  hospitals,  and 
will  be  here ;  but  the  institution  recently  endowed  by 
the  pious  benevolence  of  the  late  Mr.  Carney,  was 
founded  for  the  express  purpose  of  securing  to  his  own 
persuasion  the  consolations  of  religion.  With  our  en- 
tire liberty  and  toleration,  and  numerous  differences 
of  conviction  and  faith,  no  form  would  escape  cavil  ; 
but  as  we  all  worship  the  same  Supreme  Being,  and 
believe  in  the  Divine  mission  and  revelation  of  the 
Saviour  as  our  guide  and  comforter,  passages  can  un- 
doubtedly be  selected  from  the  Scriptures,  and  modes 
of  expression  devised,  not  justly  objectionable  to  any 
reasonable  Christian.  May  we  not  hope  that  m  some 
future  extension  of  our  buildings  a  chapel  will  be  con- 
structed, connected  with  wards  for  such  as  take  plea- 
sure in  stated  and  social  devotional  observances  ] 

Attached  to  some  of  the  more  recent  English  and 
French  hospitals  are  retreats  for  convalescence  in 
the  country  or  by  the  sea.  Neither  our  climate  nor 
circumstances  render  necessary  for  us  any  such  ap- 
pendage: But  removal  from  ward  routine  when  no 
longer  required,  would  in  many  cases  lead  to  more 
rapid  restoration.  In  the  event  of  enlargement,  apart- 
ments should  be  arranged  for  this  use,  and  suitable 
regulations  established.  Possibly,  when  the  march  of 
improvement  reaches  our  public  institutions,  separating 
poverty  and  vice,  within  the  precincts  appropriated  to 
the  worthy  poor,  may  be  found  change  of  air,  diet,  and 


ADDRESS. 

exercise  for  convalescents,  when  recommended  by  tlieir 
physicians. 

Pathological  cabinets,  wax  preparations  of  the  dif- 
ferent parts  of  the  human  organization,  a  library  of 
medical  works  for  reference  are  of  daily  use  for  the 
treatment  of  the  sick,  and  should  be  collected  as  ex- 
peditiously as  may  be  found  practicable.  These  wants 
can  only  be  in  part  supplied  by  purchase ;  but  we  may 
safely  rely  upon  the  freewill  offerings  of  individuals  and 
kindred  charities  possessed  of  duplicates  for  much  val- 
uable aid. 

But  we  must  not  be  impatient.  Defects  as  discover- 
ed will  be  remedied,  and  improvements  not  now  within 
our  foresight  to  anticipate  will  be  suggested  as  time 
develops  their  need.  Our  six  large  wards,  with  the 
smaller  apartments  attached,  will  in  all  probability  an- 
swer every  purpose  for  years.  While  they  are  made 
useful  to  their  utmost  capacity,  for  the  reception  of 
every  case  that  can  with  propriety  be  admitted,  we  may 
feel  assured  that  the  Institution  is  administered  in  that 
spirit  of  charity  on  which  it  should  rest  as  a  foundation. 

With  the  best  of  intentions,  this  spirit  of  charity  may 
be  often  at  fault.  Patients  at  times  should  be  diverted 
from  their  bodily  ailments.  Occupation  in  preventing 
fever  or  insuring  sleep  is  of  more  avail  than  drugs. 
Books  and  work  and  means  for  recreation  should  be 
liberally  supplied,  and  the  visits  of  their  friends  and 
relatives,  of  the  clergy,  where  they  are  religiously  dis- 
posed, should  be  encouraged. 

All  the  hours  of  hospital  life  are  not  necessarily 
tedious  or  without  their  enjoyments.  The  beams  of 
the  morning  bring  to  it  their  cheer,  the  gathering  dusks 


70  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

of  twilight,  a  serene  repose.  Periodical  seasons  of  re- 
freshment, daily  news  and  correspondence,  the  pro- 
fessional round,  the  official  inspection  vary  its  monotony. 
Friends  drop  in  to  gossip,  some  good  soul  lends  vocal 
charm  to  lyric  or  romance.  Sympathy  Avith  others  dulls 
the  consciousness  of  pain,  dispels  despondency.  Com- 
panionship, mutual  interchange  of  courtesy  and  kind- 
ness, incidents  of  arrival  and  departure,  events  which 
in  that  little  world  rise  almost  to  historical  importance, 
occupy  attention,  and  the  day  flits  by  on  wings  of  gos- 
samer. When  the  night  shuts  in,  and  light  subdued 
flings  phantom  shadows  round  these  murky  halls,  sleep 
comes  with  dreams,  or  to  the  vigil  reveries  of  home,  of 
past  experience,  or  of  future  hope. 

The  tempers  of  men  are  as  various  as  the  leaves  of 
the  forest.  In  health,  and  under  social  restraints,  they 
betray  many  a  trait  that  is  displeasing.  In  serious  ill- 
ness, the  well-regulated,  sustained  by  an  unfaltering 
trust,  are  but  the  more  gentle  and  tractable,  and  submit 
with  resignation  to  what  is  not  to  be  avoided.  Others, 
when  fretted  by  twinges  of  pain,  or  excited  by  fever, 
become  querulous,  unreasonable,  exacting.  Tact  and 
firmness,  united  with  an  imperturbable  amiability,  are 
requisite  to  tolerate  their  caprices  when  harmless,  to 
quiet  and  control  ebullitions  of  feeling  which  are  preju- 
dicial to  themselves  and  disagreeable  to  their  neighbors. 
Nurses,  as  accomplished  as  Mary  and  Kebecca  Taylor, 
at  the  Massachusetts,  as  the  excellent  women  who  for 
years  have  devoted  their  gratuitous  services  at  St. 
Luke's, —  "  who  possess  the  essential  qualifications  of 
obedience,  presence  of  mind,  cheerfulness,  sobriety,  pa- 
tience, forbearance,  judgment,  kindness  of  heart,  a  light 


ADDRESS.  71 

delicate  hand,  a  gentle  voice  and  quick  eye,"  and  others 
that  might  be  indefinitely  added,  —  may  not  be  easily 
procured ;  but  where  there  is  sense  and  religious  prin- 
ciple there  will  soon  be  little  to  learn. 

Deviations  from  usual  modes  of  management,  where 
experience  elsewhere  warrants,  may  well  be  tested. 
If  there  be  no  immediate  hope  of  our  wards  being  under 
other  charge  than  that  of  paid  nurses,  time  will  deter- 
mine what  can  be  achieved  by  our  medical  staff  and  en- 
lighened  Board.  One  principal  duty  of  woman  is  tend- 
ing the  sick,  the  wounded  soldier  has  especial  claim 
upon  her  sympathy,  and  she  is  ever  prompt  to  meet 
these  sacred  obligations.  When  the  three  great  powers 
of  Europe  settled  down  in  the  trenches  of  Sebastopol, 
for  a  sanguinary  and  exhausting  strife,  the  spirit  of 
holiness  in  Florence  Nightingale  and  her  companions 
hovered  about  the  pillows  of  the  victims,  anticipating 
every  want,  assuaging  the  anguish  from  the  battle-field 
by  the  shadow  on  the  wall. 

In  this,  our  vital  struggle  for  national  existence, 
from  the  abodes  of  affluence  as  from  the  humble  cot, 
hundreds  of  generous-hearted  women  have  cheerfully 
braved  perils  and  privations,  proving  by  perseverance, 
notwithstanding  discouragement,  that  principle,  as  well 
as  inclination,  were  in  their  work.  Should  the  Supreme 
Disposer  of  events  restore  peace  to  the  land,  with  our 
Union  and  constitutional  liberties  preserved,  there  will 
be  many  a  one  who  has  gone  from  amongst  us  willing 
to  lend  an  Institution  like  this  the  benefit  of  her  expe- 
rience. She  will  have  learnt  that  there  is  something  in 
life  better  worth  than  ease.  Without  sacrificing  the 
social  refinements  and  recreations,  she  will  have  earned 


72  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

a  double  right  to  enjoy,  or  losing  that  cheerfulness 
which  is  the  grace  of  womanhood,  she  will  gladly  pur- 
sue a  course  of  usefulness,  in  which  she  has  found  her 
truest  happiness.  When  we  dwell  upon  some  lovely 
being  who  has  deserted  the  halls  of  gayety  to  moisten 
the  parched  lip,  or  soothe  to  rest  the  aching  head,  we 
are  irresistibly  reminded, of  the  familiar  lines  in  Mar- 
mion  :  — 

Oh,  woman,  in  our  hours  of  ease, 

So  fickle,  coy,  and  hard  to  please  ; 

And  variable  as  the  shade 

By  the  light  quivering  aspen  made  ; 

When  pain  and  anguish  wring  the  brow, 

A  ministering  angel  thou  ! 

In  Italy,  as  one  of  our  former  mayors,  the  founder 
of  the  school  at  Westboro'  informs  us,  in  his  interest- 
ing work  upon  that  country,  persons  of  the  highest 
rank  and  condition  employ  themselves  in  these  pious 
offices.  From  the  early  dawn  of  Christianity,  Avomen 
under  its  inspiration  have  associated  for  the  care  of 
the  sick.  In  the  fourth  century  the  community  at 
Bethlehem  of  Paula  daughter  of  the  Gracchi ;  in  the 
seventh,  the  Hospitallers  of  Paris  and  Beguines  of 
Flanders  ;  in  the  thirteenth,  the  Grey  Sisters,  enrolling 
royalty  on  its  throne  with  the  lowliest  of  the  lowly  ;  in 
the  fifteenth,  the  societies  of  Martha,  sister  of  Lazarus, 
and  of  Elizabeth,  the  saintly  Queen  of  Hungary ; 
in  the  seventeenth,  the  Sisters  of  Charity,  reorganized 
by  Vincent  de  Paul  and  Louise  Legras,  now  twelve 
thousand  in  number,  either  with  or  without  religious 
vows  or  profession,  have  made  this  their  vocation. 
Nor  Catholics  alone,  but  many  a  Protestant  Evangeline 


ADDRESS.  73 

in  sober  garb,  with  aspect  holy,  recalls  from  death  or 
cheers  the  passmg  spirit  at  its  gates.  In  our  own  day, 
a  bright  light  from  Kaiserswerth  sheds  far  and  wide 
the  wisdom  of  its  teachings,  and  even  here  across  the 
broad  Atlantic  is  felt  its  mild  effulgence.  I  care  not  to 
profane  with  praise  our  heavenly  minded  women,  who 
have  consecrated  their  youth  and  all  earthly  joys  to 
this  sacred  calling.  We  have  no  calendar,  but  the 
beauty  of  their  lives,  the  daily  incense  of  grateful 
hearts  below,  their  inscription  in  the  book  of  life  above, 
will  be  their  guerdon.  Let  us  hope  that  their  example 
will  be  emulated  for  our  benefit,  that  the  art  of  nursing 
may  be  made  a  study,  and  its  blessings  carried  home 
to  every  household.  If  the  strict  discipline,  indispen- 
sable in  a  public  institution  like  this,  prohibits  so  great 
an  innovation,  unless  by  degrees  and  at  a  distant  day, 
if  there  exist  present  obstacles  and  prejudices  in  the 
way  of  its  adoption,  we  doubt  not  that  in  time  these 
will  all  be  surmounted. 

Disinterested  zeal  for  the  relief  of  human  misery 
inspires  a  sentiment  for  which  admiration  is  but  a  cold 
expression.  How  can  we  sufficiently  commend  the 
generous  devotion  of  our  medical  board,  who,  prompt- 
ed by  humanity,  offer  us  their  gratuitous  attendance. 
We  must  mourn  over  one  of  their  number,  the  la- 
mented Dalton,  for  us  unseasonably  summoned  to  the 
reward  of  his  well-spent  life.  May  the  survivors  be 
long  spared  to  a  community  that  knows  how  to  value 
their  services  and  their  example.  The  distinction 
which  they  have  honorably  earned  in  their  several 
spheres  of  professional  employment,  will  reflect  lustre 
upon    the    Hospital,  be   auspicious  of  its    continuing 


74  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

hold  on  popular  regard.  But  their  labors  here  or  in 
accustomed  paths  will  not  win  them  their  only  laurels. 
Various  public  interests,  which  they  have  promoted, 
must  long  pay  tribute  to  their  indefatigable  exertions. 

In  this  unnatural  warfare,  the  patriotic  ardor  and 
active  usefulness  of  the  medical  faculty  have  been  con- 
spicuous, wherever  they  could  be  made  availing.  Their 
alacrity  in  hastening,  regardless  of  personal  safety,  to 
the  fields  reeking  with  slaughter,  to  succor  the  wounded 
and  the  dying,  the  practical  wisdom  with  with  which 
they  have  brought  order  out  of  confusion  in  the  hospi- 
tals of  the  army,  their  persevering  efforts  to  comfort  and 
to  save  vast  multitudes  of  the  victims  of  battle  and 
disease,  holocausts  to  Freedom,  the  Isaacs  of  a  loyal  peo- 
ple, demand  more  fitting  eulogy  than  mine.  Their 
country  will  keep  them  ever  in  remembrance ;  they 
will  have  their  part  in  that  imperishable  renown,  in  that 
wreath  streaming  with  fraternal  blood,  but  resplendent 
with  heroic  action,  that  will  crown  this  great  historic 
epoch.  Happy  should  we  be,  that  we  have  secured 
for  the  administration  of  this  charity  a  share  in  the  skill 
and  experience  gained  in  our  sacred  crusade  for  Na- 
tional existence. 

Let  me  also  briefly  allude,  with  respect,  to  the 
younger  followers  of  science,  who,  influenced  by  a  laud- 
able ambition,  or  a  sense  of  duty,  are  willing  to  watch, 
day  and  night,  by  the  bedside  of  the  sufl"ering.  Their 
reward  will  be  the  experience  gained  of  disease,  in  its 
symptoms,  progress,  and  cure.  But  the  eagerness  with 
which  such  appointments  are  solicited,  although  the 
daily  round  is  both  wearisome  and  repulsive,  is 
highly  creditable  to  the  motives  which  actuate  the 
profession. 


ADDRESS.  75 

One  most  valuable  return  to  society  for  the  liberal 
endowment  of  charities  like  this,  is  the  improvement 
of  medical  science,  —  the  efficient  training  of  its  pro- 
fessors. This  is  an  advantage  reaped  by  all  of  us,  for 
it  is  only  where  the  numerous  complaints,  which  are 
our  inheritance  in  the  flesh,  are  presented  in  their  va- 
rious forms,  and  in  cases  frequently  recurring,  that  they 
can  be  understood.  Nor,  indeed,  could  we  have  the 
benefit  of  that  surgical  skill,  by  which  many  a  precious 
life  is  prolonged,  were  it  not  for  hospital  practice.  The 
surgeons  permitted  to  operate  are  selected  for  their 
ability;  in  Paris,  we  are  told,  the  most  distinguished 
compete  for  this  honor,  through  the  most  searching 
ordeal ;  and  operations  upon  the  poorest  hospital  pa- 
tients are  performed  with  as  much  skill,  with  as  much 
thoughtful  tenderness,  as  can  be  procured  by  wealth  or 
the  highest  social  position. 

In  the  apartment  appropriated  for  surgicial  opera- 
tions accommodation  is  provided  for  students.  Their 
most  important  knowledge  is  not  obtained  from  the 
study  of  books,  thorough  as  that  should  be,  but  from 
actual  observation.  The  proximity  of  the  Massachu- 
setts to  the  College,  will  attract  there,  as  heretofore, 
the  greater  number  of  pupils.  Should  any  prefer  to 
walk  our  wards,  this  will  be  allowed  under  reasonable 
regulations,  and  the  privilege  perhaps  also  extended 
for  clinical  instruction.  It  should  never  be  forgotten 
that  the  chief  object  is  the  cure  and  comfort  of  the 
patients.  Their  situation  ought  not  to  expose  them 
to  a  painful  sciutiny,  or  a  publicity  from  which  they 
shrink. 

This  is  not  the  place,  nor  is  it  my  purpose  to  indulge 


76  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

in  panegyric  on  either  thought  or  deed  which  have 
made  this  Hospital  what  it  is  ;  but  the  practical  sense 
and  mechanical  ingenuity  of  the  Superintendent,  in  its 
arrangement  for  use,  have  proved  invaluable,  and  can- 
not be  too  highly  extolled.  The  career  on  which  he 
is  entering  will  afford  scope  for  the  exercise  of  all  his 
faculties  and  powers,  and  earn  for  him  additional  claims 
to  public  esteem.  But  these  earlier  services  should  not 
be  permitted  to  pass  into  oblivion ;  they  should  be 
treasured  up  with  all  the  other  precious  instrumen- 
talities which  form  an  important  part  of  our  early 
history. 

The  supreme  control,  in  due  subordination  always  of 
course  to  the  City  Government,  is  in  the  Board  of  Trus- 
tees, consisting  of  two  Aldermen  and  three  members  of 
the  Council,  to  be  annually  elected,  and  three  citizens, 
to  be  chosen,  one  each  year,  for  triennial  periods. 
Theirs  will  be  the  enviable  prerogative  of  watching  over 
the  welfare  of  the  unfortunate,  of  making  provision  for 
their  wants,  of  tranquillizing  their  anxieties,  of  cheering 
their  distress.  On  their  judgment  wdll  be  devolved 
the  responsibility  of  determining  who  shall  be  admitted, 
of  deciding  questions,  when  epidemics  are  prevailing, 
having  an  important  bearing  upon  the  health  of  the 
city.  It  will  be  their  incumbent  duty  to  keep  them- 
selves informed  of  the  character  and  conduct  of  all  per- 
sons employed,  to  correct  abuses,  to  establish  reasonable 
rules  of  government,  to  enforce  their  observance  and 
the  most  rigid  economy  in  every  department. 

So  long  as  the  novelty  lasts,  these  duties  will  be  at- 
tractive, and  with  our  present  Superintendent,  their  dis- 
charge will  be  of  less  importance.     Should  the  members 


ADDRESS.  '  n 

of  the  City  Council  on  the  Board,  find  in  process  of 
time  their  attention  too  much  engrossed  by  other  claims, 
the  remedy  will  be  to  increase  the  number  of  Trustees 
chosen  at  large.  This  will  insure  greater  permanence 
of  policy,  and  in  the  tenure  of  hospital  offices,  and  also 
preserve  the  management  from  disarrangement  with 
fluctuations  of  party,  or  changes  in  the  City  Council. 
It  will  be  more  in  accordance  with  the  organization  of 
our  other  Boards  of  Control,  which  has  been  found  to 
work  well. 

Throughout  our  Institutions,  pauper,  penal  and  re- 
formatory, reigns  the  strictest  frugality.  The  treatment 
of  disease  demands  a  more  varied  and  expensive  nour- 
ishment. This  is  true  economy,  inasmuch  as  it  acceler- 
ates cure,  and  by  restoring  the  industrious  to  their  em- 
ployments, relieves  the  public  of  their  support.  Yet, 
without  constant  watchfulness,  waste  and  extravagance, 
if  no  greater  evils,  will  creep  in.  Such  abuses  will  not 
escape  the  attention  of  the  Board,  but  method  and  ac- 
countability, firmly  established  from  the  outset,  and 
rigidly  observed,  will  justify  the  government  in  ample 
appropriations,  inspire  our  fellow-citizens  with  confi- 
dence in  their  judicious  expenditure,  and  encourage 
liberal  endowments. 

The  name  of  Elisha  Goodnow  is  the  first  engraved 
upon  our  commemorative  tablet.  The  son  of  a  revolu- 
tionary pensioner,  lately  living  in  Sudbury,  of  a  family 
who  have  given  bountifully  of  their  means  to  public  ob- 
jects, his  memory  will  be  gratefully  perpetuated  while 
this  edifice  endures.  What  is  known  of  his  life  vouches 
for  the  philanthropy  which  actuated  his  donation,  and 
his  example,  as  well  as  that  of  Lawrence  Nichols,  also 


78  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

on  our  roll  of  benefactors,  will  stir  the  hearts  of  other 
men  to  like  generosity.  All  who  are  familiar  with  the 
history  of  charities  here,  or  in  other  parts  of  the  Chris- 
tian world,  cannot  fail  to  have  observed  in  their  pro- 
gress and  prosperity  an  especial  blessing.  Vast  sums, 
in  all  countries,  for  nearly  twenty  centuries,  have  been 
poured  out  like  water  for  their  foundation  and  support. 
There  is  yet  balm  in  Gilead ;  the  angel  of  pity  wdll  still 
hover  over  us,  with  healing  in  its  wings.  We  should 
do  injustice  to  our  community  did  we  doubt  their  read- 
iness to  respond,  as  heretofore,  to  every  claim.  Who- 
ever is  rich,  with  no  family  dependent  on  his  means, 
whoever  w^ould  secure  for  his  children  a  blessing  on 
their  inheritance,  will  remember  the  poor  in  disposing 
of  his  substance.  Whoever  would  lay  up  treasure  in 
heaven  will  give  freely  here  to  the  sick  and  feeble. 
Let  them  remember  that  famous  epitaph  of  Old  Eng- 
land, on  the  tomb  in  the  ancient  church  at  Tiverton. 

That  wee  spent  wee  had. 
That  wee  lefte  wee  loste. 
That  wee  gave  wee  have. 

Instructive  and  entertaining  works  for  the  library, 
pictures,  engravings,  and  statuary,  will  be  acceptable 
offerings ;  the  purple  clusters  that  load  the  vine  or 
adorn  the  banquet  ^^'ill  lose  no  flavor  by  being  shared 
with  our  less  favored  inmates  ;  funds  at  largest  interest 
and  made  safe  by  public  obligation  will  prove  for  ages 
a  perennial  source  of  thankfulness  to  the  wretched,  and 
for  descendants  be  a  more  enduring  monument  than 
bronze  or  marble.  Such  pious  gifts  will  soon  furnish 
a   sufficient  resource  for  the   daily   needs  of  the  Hos- 


ADDRESS.  79 

pital,  and  the  comfort  it  dispenses  will  flow  directly, 
in  copious  and  refreshing  streams  from  the  cup  of 
charity. 

In  health  and  strength,  in  the  midst  of  a  useful  ca- 
reer, with  all  our  faculties  in  active  vigor,  it  is  difficult 
to  realize  the  fevered  brow,  the  sleepless  night,  and  the 
aching  limb  ;  but  to  these,  for  all  future  time,  we  dedi- 
cate these  halls.  To  you,  gentlemen  of  the  City  Coun- 
cil, to  you,  honored  members  of  the  medical  profession, 
will  be  confided  the  charge  of  our  afilicted  fellow-beings. 
Yours  is  a  solemn  responsibility ;  yours  the  blessed 
privilege  of  working  out,  wdth  the  aid  of  science,  with 
nature,  and  with  an  overruling  Providence,  their  res- 
toration. We  need  not  fear  this  sacred  duty  will  be 
neglected.  That  Great  Being  who  permits  no  suffering 
in  His  creation  but  in  mercy,  will  be  tender  of  His  own; 
and  Boston,  throughout  her  numberless  generations, 
will  rejoice  in  the  pride  and  the  blessing  of  the  Institu- 
tion which  we  have  this  day  consecrated. 


RULES  AND  REGULATIONS. 


11 


RULES  AND  ORDERS  OE  THE  TRUSTEES. 


Stated  meetings  of  the  Trustees  shall  be  held  at  the  Hospital 
each  Tuesday,  at  four  o'clock,  p.  M.,  unless  otherwise  ordered, 
and  special  meetings  shall  be  called  by  the  President  at  the  re- 
quest of  two  of  the  Trustees. 

At  their  first  meeting  after  the  annual  election  of  Trustees  by 
the  City  Council,  they  shall  elect  a  President  and  Secretary  from 
their  own  members.  Three  members  of  the  Board  shall  con- 
stitute a  quorum,  for  all  purposes  except  the  passage  of  any 
matter  relating  to  finances,  the  approval  of  bills,  the  alteration 
or  amendment  of  the  Rules  and  Regulations,  or  the  removal  or 
election  of  any  employe,  when  a  majority  shall  be  necessary. 

They  shall  be  governed  in  their  action  as  a  Board  by  the  fol- 
lowing rules  and  orders  :  — 

The  President  shall  preside  at  all  meetings  of  the  Board,  and 
in  his  absence  the  Board  shall  elect  a  President  pro  tem. 

All  motions  shall  be  made  in  writing  when  requested  by  the 
President  or  a  majority  of  those  present. 

On  all  questions  and  motions  whatsoever,  the  sense  of  the 
Board  shall  be  taken  by  yeas  and  nays,  if  any  member  require 
it. 

Questions  of  order  shall  be  decided  by  the  presiding  officer, 
subject  to  appeal  to  the  Board. 

When  a  vote  has  passed  it  shall  be  in  order  for  any  member 
to  move  a  reconsideration  thereof  at  the  same  or  the  succeedino; 
meetino-. 


84  ,  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

The  order  of  business  shall  be  as  follows  :  — 

1.  Reading  of  the  records. 

2.  Reports  of  committees. 

3.  Examinations  of  admissions  and  discharges,  purchases 
and  expenditures,  books  of  the  superintendent,  physician,  nurses, 
apothecary,  and  engineer. 

4.  Approval  of  bills. 

5.  Choice  of  officers  and  employes. 

6.  Unfinished  business. 

7.  Motions  and  resolutions. 

There  shall  be  appointed  by  the  President,  after  the  first 
organization  of  the  Board,  the  following  standing  committees, 
to  consist  of  two  members  each  :  — 

1.  On  Rules  and  Regulations. 

2.  On  supplies  and  furniture. 

3.  On  finance  and  auditing  accounts. 

4.  On  Medical  and  Pathological  departments. 

5.  On  service. 

6.  On  grounds  and  buildings,  heating  and  ventilation. 

7.  On  Library. 

8.  On  admissions  and  discharofes. 

The  Trustees  shall  be  arranoed  in  visitino;  committees  of 
two  members,  one  going  out  and  one  being  added  each  month, 
to  advise  with  the  physicians,  superintendent,  and  medical  at- 
tendants, determine  all  matters  of  minor  administration,  see  that 
all  duties  are  properly  performed,  and  report  to  the  Board  at 
its  weekly  meeting ;  and  members  visiting  shall  record  their 
names  in  books  kept  for  that  purpose,  with  the  date  of  each 
visit,  and  any  remarks  they  may  desire  to  add. 

Committees  shall  be  appointed  by  the  President. 

All  bills  contracted  by  any  committee  of  the  Board  of  Trus- 
tees or  by  persons  connected  with  the  Hospital,  shall  be  ap-; 
proved  by  the  Board. 


RULES    AND    REGULATIONS.  85 

Reports  of  committees  shall  be  in  writing. 

These  Rules  may  be  suspended  by  a  vote  of  five  members  of 
the  Board  of  Trustees. 

Any  alteration  or  amendment  of  these  Rules  may  be  made  by 
a  vote  of  three  fourths  of  the  members  of  the  Board,  notice  of 
the  same  having  been  given  one  week  before  action-  on  the 
same. 


RULES  AND  REGULATIONS  OF  THE  HOSPITAL. 


The  Board  of  Trustees,  under  the  Statutes,  Ordinances,  and 
these  Eules  and  Eegulations,  shall  have  the  charge,  manage- 
ment, and  custody  of  the  Hospital,  as  well  as  the  control  and 
dh'ection  of  its  employes  and  inmates. 

A  meetino:  of  the  Board  shall  be  held  at  least  once  In  each 
month  at  the  Hospital,  and  records  of  their  proceedings  shall 
be  kept,  which  shall  always  be  open  to  the  inspection  of  the 
City  Council. 

Annually,  as  soon  after  the  organization  of  the  Board  as  shall 
be  convenient,  there  shall  be  chosen  by  ballot  three  consulting 
physicians,  three  consulting  surgeons,  six  visiting  physicians,  six 
visiting  surgeons,  one  ophthalmic  surgeon,  four  resident  grad- 
uates, an  apothecary,  librarian,  matron,  and  such  other  officers 
as  they  may  think  necessary,  whose  term  of  service  shall  expire 
in  one  year  from  the  first  Monday  of  the  following  April,  or  as 
soon  after  as  their  successors  shall  be  chosen.  A  Superintend- 
ent shall  be  elected  annually  in  the  month  of  February,  and 
whenever  a  vacancy  may  occur. 

They  may  remove  any  officer  so  chosen  at  their  pleasure ; 
and  shall  fill  vacancies,  from  whatever  cause,  for  the  residue  of 
the  term. 

They  shall  appoint  and  discharge  all  subordinate  officers, 
attendants,  and  domestics,  and  shall  fix  the  compensation  of  all 
persons  employed,  excepting  that  of  the  Superintendent. 


RULES    AND    REGULATIONS.  87 

Annually  In  the  month  of  January,  the  Board  shall  make  a 
report  of  their  proceedings  to  the  City  Council,  and  shall  fur- 
nish statistics  of  the  Hospital,  embodying  In  such  blanks  as  may 
be  adopted  details  concerning  the  operations  of  the  year.  They 
shall  also  furnish  a  statement  of  the  various  Items  of  expense, 
with  estimates  of  the  amount  of  appropriations  necessary  for  the 
coming  year. 

The  Board  of  Trustees  shall  keep  a  book  containing  an  ac- 
count of  all  donations  and  bequests  to  the  Hospital,  and  shall 
manage  such  property  In  accordance  with  sections  1,2,  and  3 
of  the  City  Ordinance  relating  to  that  subject. 

The  Trustees  shall  be  authorized  to  establish  from  time  to 
time  such  minor  rules  for  the  government  of  persons  on  the 
premises,  for  the  regulation  of  the  Internal  police  of  the  wards, 
and  other  parts  of  the  Hospital,  the  appointment  of  hours,  and 
the  arrangement  of  diet  tables,  as  may  to  them  seem  expedient. 

They  shall  designate  each  ward  in  the  Hospital  by  a  letter,  or 
by  the  name  of  some  benefactor,  and  shall  number  the  beds  In 
order. 

SUPERINTENDENT. 

The  Superintendent,  under  the  direction  of  the  Board  of 
Trustees,  shall  have  the  general  control  of  all  departments  of 
the  Hospital ;  of  all  subordinate  officers,  attendants,  and  do- 
mestics ;  of  the  patients,  and  the  charge  of  the  grounds,  build- 
ings, and  appurtenances. 

He  shall  see  that  there  Is  no  waste  or  carelessness  in  any 
department,  and  shall  report  to  the  Trustees  omissions  of  duty, 
or  disorderly  conduct  on  the  part  of  employes. 

He  shall,  under  the  direction  of  the  Trustees,  purchase  the 
provisions,  stores,  and  fuel,  shall  have  the  charge  thereof,  and 
shall  be  responsible  for  their  proper  and  economical  use.  He 
shall  make  monthly  returns  of  the  consumption  of  fuel  and  gas. 

He  shall  keep  regular  accounts  of  all  moneys  received  and 
disbursed  by  him,  on  behalf  of  the  Hospital,  in  books  provided 


88  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

by  the  Trustees,  with  a  record  of  all  contracts,  and  shall  submit 
the  same  to  the  Board  at  their  monthly  meetings. 

He  shall,  when  required,  collect  all  sums  due  to  the  Hospital, 
and  shall  take  charge  of  money  or  other  property  not  in  use 
belonging  to  patients,  and  keep  a  record  of  the  same. 

He  shall  keep  an  inventory  of  all  furniture,  and  other  prop- 
erty belonging  to  the  Hospital,  and  shall  make  a  quarterly 
report  of  articles  injured,  destroyed,  or  missing. 

He  shall  provide  the  diet  of  patients,  as  may  be  directed  by 
the  physicians  and  surgeons,  and  for  the  persons  employed  shall 
furnish  such  provisions  as  the  Trustees  may  direct. 

He  shall  examine  all  articles  purchased  as  to  their  quality, 
quantity,  and  price. 

He  shall  make  no  purchase  exceeding  one  hundred  dollars, 
or  of  an  unusual  nature,  without  the  sanction  of  the  Trustees  or 
of  the  Committee  on  Supplies. 

All  bills,  together  with  the  pay-rolls,  shall  be  submitted  to 
the  Board  on  the  third  Tuesday  of  each  month. 

Pie  shall  daily  visit  and  inspect  the  wards,  kitchen,  laundry, 
engine  room,  and  all  other  departments  of  the  Institution. 

It  shall  be  his  duty  to  ascertain  the  settlement  or  residence  of 
patients,  and  when  belonging  to  other  places  than  Boston,  to 
correspond  with  the  authorities  of  such  places,  and  make  the 
necessary  arrangements  for  the  reimbursement  of  expenses  in- 
curred. He  shall  have  charge  of  the  correspondence  of  pa- 
tients, and  shall  communicate  to  their  friends  information  of 
their  condition  or  decease.  He  shall  see  that  autopsies  are  de- 
cently made,  but  shall  allow  no  such  autopsy,  if  objected  to  by 
the  Immediate  relatives  of  the  deceased.  He  shall  cause  the 
bodies  of  the  deceased  to  be  delivered  to  their  friends,  or,  if  not 
claimed  by  them,  to  the  proper  authorities. 

He  shall  keep  for  the  Inspection  of  the  Trustees  a  record  of 
the  names  of  all  patients,  with  their  age,  residence,  employ- 
ment, date  of  admission,  discharge,  elopement,  or  death,  and 
result  of  treatment. 


RULES    AND    REGULATIONS.  89 

He  shall  assign  a  bed  to  each  patient  on  admission,  subject 
to  the  approval  of  the  physician  or  surgeon  in  attendance. 

PHYSICIANS   AND   SURGEONS. 

As  soon  after  their  election  as  possible,  the  Physicians  and 
Surgeons  shall  be  notified  by  the  Trustees  to  meet  for  the  pur- 
pose of  arranging  their  term  and  order  of  service,  which 
arrangement  shall  be  made  subject  to  the  approval  of  the 
Trustees. 

They  shall  weekly,  or  oftener,  report  the  names  of  such 
patients  as  they  think  should  be  discharged,  and  shall  make  any 
suggestions  or  remarks  which  may  tend  to  promote  the  interests 
of  the  Hospital  or  its  inmates. 

They  shall  keep  or  shall  cause  to  be  kept  by  the  resident 
graduates  in  permanent  volumes,  in  such  form  as  may  be  pro- 
vided by  the  Trustees,  full  records  of  the  cases  and  treatment 
of  all  patients  in  both  medical  and  surgical  departments.  No 
volume  of  such  records  shall  be  taken  from  the  premises,  and 
no  extracts  shall  be  made  from  them  by  persons  not  connected 
with  the  Hospital. 

If  any  Physician  or  Surgeon  shall  be  prevented  from  attend- 
ing in  his  term,  he  shall  procure  one  of  the  other  Physicians 
or  Surgeons  to  attend  in  his  stead.  The  regular  morning  visit 
to  patients  shall  be  made  between  the  hours  of  eight  and  eleven. 

Except  in  case  of  emergency,  no  capital  or  important  opera- 
tion shall  be  performed  without  a  previous  consultation,  of 
which  all  the  Surgeons  shall  have  due  notice. 

STUDENTS. 

I 

Students  and  other  persons  shall  be  admitted  to  the  wards 
and  the  amphitheatre  of  the  Hospital,  in  such  numbers  and 
with  such  restrictions  as  the  Trustees  may  from  time  to  time 
deem  expedient. 


90  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

RESIDENT   GRADUATES. 

The  Eesklent  Graduates  shall  be  chosen  on  the  nomination 
of  the  Board  of  Visiting  Physicians  and  Surgeons,  whose  duty 
it  shall  be  to  report  such  nomination  to  the  Trustees  on  or 
before  the  first  day  of  April  in  each  year.  The  names  thus 
reported  shall  be  those  of  the  four  persons  who,  in  the  opinion 
of  the  said  Board,  after  a  rigid  examination  in  the  various 
branches  of  medicine  and  surgery,  shall  seem  most  competent 
to  fulfil  the  duties  required  of  them. 

Two  of  the  Eesident  Graduates  shall  reside  constantly  at  the 
Hospital,  and  shall  not  absent  themselves  without  the  consent 
of  the  Superintendent,  and  in  no  case  shall  both  be  absent  from 
their  post  at  the  same  time.  The  year  shall  be  divided  among 
them  as  shall  be  agreed  upon  by  themselves,  subject  to  the 
approval  of  the  Trustees. 

Their  duties  shall  be  assigned  them  by  the  visiting  physicians 
and  surgeons,  who  shall,  in  the  case  of  absence  of  either  of 
them  by  sickness  or  other  causes,  appoint  a  temporary  substi- 
tute, subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Visiting  Committee. 

If  more  than  four  Resident  Graduates  be  required,  the  Trus- 
tees may  appoint  the  same  and  permit  them  to  reside  on  the 
premises  or  elsewhere. 

They  shall  in  no  case  make  an  exchange  of  their  respective 
departments  without  the  consent  of  the  visiting  physician  or 
surgeon  under  whom  they  serve,  and  the  sanction  of  the  Visit- 
ino;  Committee. 

They  shall  accompany  their  superiors  in  their  daily  visits, 
shall  make  the  necessary  record  of  treatment  and  diet  of  patients, 
and  shall  see  that  their  directions  are  complied  with.  They 
shall,  when  requested  by  the  physician  or  surgeon,  make  autop- 
sies and  other  pathological  examinations ;  and  the  Resident 
Graduate  in  the  Surgical  Department  shall  take  charge  of  the 
instruments  and  apparatus,  none  of  which  shall  be  taken  from 
the  Hospital  without  the  consent  of  tlie  Superintendent. 


RULES    AND    REGULATIONS.  91 

The  Kesldent  Graduates  shall  not  engage  in  private  practice 
during  their  term  of  service. 

They  shall,  when  requested  by  the  Superintendent  or  Visiting 
Committee,  investigate  the  claims  of  applicants  for  admission, 
w^hether  made  at  the  Hospital  or  from  the  city. 

They  shall  attend  to  patients  on  their  admission,  and  give  the 
necessary  directions  for  their  comfort,  before  they  are  seen  by 
their  reo^ular  medical  attendant,  and  shall  make  a  dailv  evenincr 
visit  to  each  patient. 

LIBRARIAN. 

The  Librarian  shall  have  the  charoe  of  all  books  belono-in": 
to  the  Hospital,  and  of  the  casts,  models,  anatomical  prepara- 
tions, and  prints,  under  such  regulations  as  may  be  prescribed 
by  the  Trustees. 

APOTHECARY. 

The  Apothecary  shall  reside  on  the  premises,  and  shall  not 
absent  himself  except  at  such  hours  as  may  be  authorized  by 
the  Superintendent.  He  shall  purchase  all  medicines  under 
the  direction  of  the  Committee  on  the  Medical  Department, 
and  shall  keep  exact  accounts  of  quantities,  qualities,  and  prices. 
He  shall  compound  medicines,  prepare  prescriptions,  perform 
chemical  analyses,  and  such  other  duties  as  may  be  prescribed 
by  the  Trustees  or  the  Superintendent. 

DISPENSARY. 

The  Trustees  may  establish  a  dispensary  department  for  out- 
door patients  who  are  unable  to  pay  fees  for  medical  attendance 
at  their  houses,  with  such  restrictions  and  under  such  regula- 
tions as  they  may  from  time  to  time  deem  expedient. 


92  CITY    HOSPITAL. 


MATRON. 

The  Matron  shall  have  the  general  direction  of  all  female 
nurses  and  servants,  see  that  they  perform  their  several  duties, 
and  report  all  instances  of  inattention  and  neglect  of  duty.  She 
shall  be  responsible  for  the  neatness  and  order  of  every  part  of 
the  establishment ;  shall  superintend  the  kitchen  and  laundry, 
and  cause  to  be  kept  an  accurate  account  of  bedding,  clothing, 
table,  and  other  furniture.  She  shall  perform  such  other  duties 
as  may  be  required. 


NURSES. 

The  Chief  Nurse  of  each  ward,  under  the  direction  of  the 
Matron,  shall  have  charge  of  the  same,  with  the  convalescents 
room  attached  thereto.  She  shall  keep  a  ward  book  containing 
a  list  of  patients,  and  an  inventory  of  furniture,  bedding,  and 
other  articles,  and  on  each  Tuesday  shall  make  a  return  to  the 
matron  of  all  occupants  of  the  ward  during  the  week.  She 
shall  keep,  in  a  suitable  book,  a  list  of  all  parcels  or  property 
belonging  to  patients  in  her  ward  not  in  use,  which  property 
shall  be  deposited  in  a  suitable  room,  under  the  charge  of  the 
Superintendent.  She  shall  also  keep  a  list  of  all  articles  sent  to 
the  laundry,  and  if  not  returned  in  good  condition  report  the 
same  to  the  matron.  She  shall  perform  such  other  duties  as 
may  be  required. 

GATE    KEEPER. 

The  Gate  Keeper  shall  allow  no  one  to  enter  or  leave  the 
premises,  unless  duly  authorized. 

lie  shall  examine  all  permits,  and,  when  so  instructed,  re- 
cord the  names  of  persons  passing  the  gate.  He  shall  keep 
in  good  order  the  grounds,  walks,  and  borders  surrounding  the 
Hospital,  shall  take  care  of  horses  and  vehicles  in  the  sheds, 
and  shall  perform  such  other  duties  as  may  be  required  of  him. 


RULES    AND    REGULATIONS. 


93 


ADMISSION   AND   DISCHARGES. 

Applications  for  admission  of  patients  shall  be  made  at  the 
Hospital  on  each  day  of  the  week,  at  such  hours  as  the  Trus- 
tees may  appoint. 

Whenever  able,  the  patient  shall  apply  in  person.  When 
not  able  to  appear  in  person,  application  may  be  made  by  a 
friend,  and  the  patient  shall  be  visited  by  one  of  the  resident 
graduates,  or  by  some  physician  designated  by  the  Trustees. 

Any  Trustee  or  either  of  the  physicians  or  surgeons  in  attend- 
ance may,  in  case  of  emergency,  send  a  patient  in  the  first 
instance  to  the  Hospital  by  written  permit,  and  the  Visiting 
Committee  shall,  on  the  certificate  of  one  of  the  medical  officers 
designated  for  the  purpose,  decide  as  soon  as  may  be  afterwards 
whether  such  patient  shall  remain. 

Persons  accidentally  wounded  or  otherwise  disabled  or  in- 
jured, shall  be  received  at  all  hours,  subject  to  such  rules  as  the 
Trustees  may  from  time  to  time  enact. 

Permits  for  admission  shall  be  subject  to  the  approval  of  the 
Visiting  Committee  for  the  time  being,  or,  in  their  absence,  to 
that  of  the  Superintendent. 

The  Visiting  Committee,  howevel",  shall  have  the  power  at 
any  time  to  require  the  Superintendent  to  report  to  them  the 
names  of  applicants  before  admitting  them,  and  may  dismiss 
any  patient  whom  they  think  improperly  admitted. 

Patients  discharged  on  the  recommendation  of  the  Physicians 
or  Surgeons,  shall  be  provided  with  a  certificate  stating  their 
condition  at  the  time  of  discharge,  whether  cured,  relieved  or  not 
relieved,  which  certificate  shall  be  signed  by  the  Superintendent. 

In  case  of  the  decease  of  any  patient,  the  Superintendent 
shall  sign  a  certificate  to  that  effect,  and  shall  furnish  the  City 
Registrar  with  a  copy  of  the  same.  He  shall  also  state  the  time 
and  cause  of  death,  the  disposition  made  of  body,  whether  de- 
livered to  friends  or  buried  from  the  Hospital.  In  the  last  case 
he  shall  mention  the  place  of  interment. 


94  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

Patients  may  be  admitted  by  the  Trustees  to  the  privileges  of 
the  Hospital,  at  such  rates  of  board  as  they  may  from  time  to 
time  determine  ;  such  board  being  secured  by  their  friends,  or  by 
the  authorities  of  the  place  to  which  they  belong. 

In  all  cases  where  in  the  opinion  of  the  Trustees  the  circum- 
stances of  the  patient  will  warrant  it,  the  whole  or  a  part  of 
the  board  shall  be  paid.  If  separate  apartments  or  articles  not 
usually  furnished  at  the  Hospital  are  provided,  such  payment 
shall  be  made  therefor  as  the  Trustees  shall  deem  reasonable. 

DISBURSEMENTS. 

On  or  before  the  twentieth  day  of  each  month,  the  Superin- 
tendent shall  submit  to  the  Trustees  the  order  and  bill  book, 
and  all  bills  approved  by  any  of  the  Committees,  with  a  sched- 
ule of  the  same,  and  also  the  pay-roll  for  salaries  and  wages, 
containing  the  names  of  the  persons  entitled  to  payment,  with 
the  amounts  due  to  them  respectively  ;  and  if  approved  by  the 
Board,  said  schedule  shall  be  signed  by  the  President,  and  with 
the  pay-roll  and  bills  shall  be  sent,  on  or  before  the  twentieth 
day  of  each  month,  to  the  Auditor  of  Accounts  for  payment  by 
the  Treasurer. 


HOUSE   RULES. 


Patients  must  be  in  their  proper  places  in  the  wards  during 
the  visit  of  the  Physicians  and  Surgeons,  and  always  by  9,  P. 
M.,  unless  specially  exempted  by  the  Superintendent. 

Those  free  patients  who  are  able,  are  expected  to  assist  in 
nursing,  and  in  such  other  services  as  may  be  reasonably  re- 
quired of  them. 

Patients  shall  not  leave  the  Hospital  Grounds  without  a  pass 
from  the  Superintendent,  nor  their  respective  wards  without  the 
consent  of  the  nurse  in  attendance. 

No  patient  shall  purchase,  or  cause  any  member  of  the  house- 
hold to  purchase  for  him,  any  article  of  food  whatsoever,  nor 
any  other  article,  without  the  consent  of  the  Superintendent. 
Nor  shall  any  officer  or  servant  of  the  Hospital  receive  a  gift 
or  fee  from  a  patient* 

Profane  or  obscene  language,  loud  talking,  and  incivility,  are 
prohibited. 

No  person  shall  be  admitted  to  the  Hospital  whose  case  is 
judged  to  be  incurable,  unless  there  be  urgent  symptoms  which 
in  the  opinion  of  the  Physician  or  Surgeon  are  capable  of  beino' 
relieved.  Nor  shall  any  one  be  admitted  having  an  infectious 
or  contagious  disease. 

No  patient  having  acute  syphilitic  disease,  or  mania-a-ipotu^ 
shall  be  admitted  as  a  charity  patient,  or  at  a  lower  rate  than 
twenty-five  dollars  a  week  for  the  former,  and  fifteen  dollars 
for  the  latter. 

Patients  may  be  visited  by  clergymen  of  their  own  selection, 


96  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

and  where  there  Is  a  wish  for  the  performance  of  any  particular 
religious  rite,  it  shall  be  indulged  when  practicable. 

It  is  expected  that  patients  will  implicitly  obey  the  rules  of 
the  Hospital.  Complaints,  for  whatever  cause,  may  be  made  to 
the  Superintendent  or  Visiting  Committee,  and  when  reasonable 
shall  be  by  them  reported  to  the  Trustees. 

VISITOES. 

No  person  shall  visit  any  part  of  the  premises,  except  on 
business,  or  at  such  times  as  may  be  fixed  for  the  reception  of 
visitors,  without  the  permission  of  the  Superintendent,  or  of 
some  one  of  the  Trustees. 

On  Monday,  Tuesday,  Thursday,  and  Friday  of  each  week, 
from  two  to  three  o'clock  p.  M.,  friends  may  be  permitted  to 
visit  patients,  though  no  patient  shall  receive  more  than  one 
visitor  on  the  same  day.  In  all  cases,  however,  the  Trustees 
or  Superintendent  may  exercise  discretionary  powers  as  to  ex- 
cludins:  or  admlttlno-  visitors. 

No  visitor  will  be  permitted  to  take  any  meal  in  the  Hospital, 
or  pass  the  night  therein,  without  permission  from  the  Superin- 
tendent. 

No  visitor  shall  be  allowed  to  give  any  article  of  food  or 
drink  to  a  patient,  unless  by  permission  of  the  nurse  ;  and  any 
article  sent  to  the  patients  shall  be  left  with  the  Superintendent. 

NURSES. 

Nurses  are  required  to  be  in  their  several  wards  each  morning 
ready  for  duty,  before  the  night  watchers  leave  the  same. 

Nurses  are  to  decide  what  clothing  or  other  articles  patients 
are  to  retain  in  the  ward. 

RULES. 

All  employes  must  be  In  their  respective  places  during  their 


RULES    AND    REGULATIONS.  97 

hours  of  duty.  The  doors  and  gates  of  the  Hospital  will  be 
closed  at  9f  p.  m.,  at  which  time  all  are  expected  to  be  quiet, 
and  those  not  on  duty,  in  their  own  rooms. 

The  smoking  of  tobacco  is  prohibited  within  the  Hospital, 
also  the  use  of  wine  and  intoxicating  liquors  unless  prescribed 
by  a  physician. 

The  Matron,  Resident  Graduates,  and  Apothecary  shall  take 
their  meals  with  the  Superintendent ;  all  other  employes  in  the 
dining-room  provided  for  them. 

STUDENTS. 

The  Trustees  may  grant  any  practitioner  or  student  of  med- 
icine of  one  year's  standing,  on  the  joint  recommendation  of  the 
Physician  and  Surgeon  in  attendance,  a  ticket  of  admission  to 
follow  the  practice  of  the  Hospital  for  not  more  than  one  year. 
Before  receiving  this  ticket,  the  applicant  shall  sign  an  obli- 
gation to  obey  in  all  respects  the  By-laws  and  Regulations  of 
the  Hospital.  The  privilege  thus  granted  may  be  modified  or 
revoked. 

No  student  shall  be  entitled  to  admission  except  at  the  regular 
hours  for  visiting,  operation,  or  lecture. 

Every  student  when  requested  shall  show  his  ticket  to  the 
porter  at  the  gate,  and  shall  conduct  himself  with  decorum  and 
propriety.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Superintendent  to  report 
any  infringement  of  the  rules  to  the  Visiting  Committee. 

FORM  or    APPLICATION. 

The  form  of  application  for  admission  shall  be  as  follows. 

BOSTON    CITY   HOSPITAL. 

The  undersigned,  inhabitant  of  for  the  last 

and  now  residing  at  Born  in  being 

years  of  age,  by  employment  a  married  and  ill  of 

requests  to  be  admitted  to  the  City  Hospital. 
Boston,  ,186 

13 


98  CITY    HOSPITAL. 


CERTIFICATE    OF    ADMITTING    PHYSICIAN. 

Having  examined  the  condition  of  the  said  applicant,  I  find 
it  a  suitable  case  for  admission  to  the  City  Hospital. 

,  M.  D. 

TO    BE    SIGNED    BY    SUPERINTENDENT. 

Admit  to  the  Hospital. 

Said  is  assic^ned  to  ward  bed 

Extra  payment,  $  Transferred  to  ward  bed 

Said  is  discharged,  186 

— , _ ^  Superintendent. 


FIRST     ANNUAL     REPORT, 


REPORT  OF  THE  TRUSTEES. 


Boston,  January  1,  1865. 

The  Trustees  of  the  City  Hospital  beg  leave  to  pre- 
sent to  the  City  Council  this  their  first  Annual  Eeport. 

It  will  be  remembered  that  the  foundations  of  the 
Hospital  were  laid  in  September,  1861,  and  that  the 
first  Board  of  Trustees  was  elected  in  January,  1863. 
The  Hospital  buildings  were  so  far  completed,  as  to 
allow  the  dedication  services  by  the  City  Government 
on  the  24th  of  May,  1864,  at  which  time  the  whole 
charge  of  the  Institution  was  surrendered  to  the  Trus- 
tees. 

The  Hospital  was  opened  for  the  reception  of  pa- 
tients on  the  first  day  of  June,  and  from  that  date  until 
the  31st  of  December,  a  period  of  seven  months,  the 
number  of  patients  has  been  as  follows  :  — 


Admitted .  .  .  .  . 

Discharged    .... 

Died 

Remaining     .... 
Surgical  patients 
Medical       " 
Ophthalmic  patients    . 

There  were  also  treated  as  out  patients 
Ophthalmic  patients    . 


475 
327 

47 
101 
230 
208 

37 

195 
176 


Total 


371 


102  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

For  details  respecting  expenditures  and  minute  sta- 
tistics, we  would  refer  to  the  accompanying  Report  of 
the  Superintendent. 

It  will  be  seen  that  the  amount  expended  for  fixtures 
and  furniture,  has  been  ^  36,069.70.  The  current  ex- 
penses for  the  seven  months  ending  December  81, 
^20,294.41* 

In  the  opinion  of  the  Trustees,  the  amount  necessary 
for  maintaining  the  Hospital  for  the  current  year 
will  be  — 

For  supplies           .  ,          ,          .       $36,500 

Salaries  and  labor      .  ,          ,          .13,500 

Fuel  and  gas         .  ,          ,          ,            7,500 

Furniture           ,          .  .          ,          ,       2,500 

Repairs  and  grounds  .          ,          .            2,500 

Medical  supplies         .  ,          ,          .       2,500 


$65,000 
Estimated  amount  to  be  received,  pay  patients  $3,000 

The  cost  of  the  Institution  thus  far  is  not  a  fair  cri- 
terion for  the  future,  in  estimating  the  average  for  each 
patient,  as  during  the  early  months,  after  the  opening, 
nearly  the  whole  staff  of  attendants  had  to  be  em- 
ployed, as  at  present,  for  the  care  of  comparatively  few 
inmates. 

The  furniture  provided  for  the  buildings  is  of  a 
good  and  substantial  character,  and  was  purchased  at 
prices  much  less  than  would  be  required  at  the  present 
time. 

The  sums  expended  for  alterations  and  repairs  were 
for  objects  considered  necessary  by  the  Trustees,  after 

*  For  an  account  of  the  bequests  to,  and  property  of  Hospital,  see  Appendix. 


FIRST    ANNUAL    REPORT.  103 

the  buildings  had  been  surrendered  to  their  care,  and 
which  had  not  been  foreseen. 

The  apparatus  for  heating  and  ventilation  has 
worked  satisfactorily,  and  the  air  in  the  wards  has 
been  kept  as  pure  and  fresh  as  in  most  private  dwell- 
ings. 

On  the  31st  of  May,  the  Hospital  was  visited,  and 
its  various  departments  minutely  inspected,  by  Admiral 
Lessoifsky  and  the  officers  of  the  Russian  fleet,  then 
lying  in  the  harbor.  On  the  21st  of  May,  by  invita- 
tion of  the  Trustees  and  Hospital  Committee,  it  was 
visited  by  the  Suffolk  District  Medical  Association,  and 
on  the  first  of  June  it  was  thrown  open  to  the  public. 

In  the  Board  of  Consulting  Physicians,  we  have  to 
lament  the  death  of  Dr.  John  Ware,  an  eminent  prac- 
titioner, whose  skill  and  experience  would  have  been 
of  great  value  to  the  Institution  in  this  early  stage  of 
its  existence.  His  place  has  been  filled  by  the  election 
of  Dr.  Edward  Reynolds. 

We  have  also  experienced  a  severe  loss  in  the  death 
of  Dr.  John  C.  Dalton,  the  senior  member  on  the  list 
of  Attending  Physicians.  Dr.  Dalton  had  acquired  an 
enviable  distinction  in  his  profession,  after  long  ex- 
perience in  this  and  a  neighboring  city,  and  took  an 
active  interest  in  all  that  related  to  the  Hospital.  Dr. 
John  Homans  was  elected  to  fill  the  vacancy,  and  dur- 
ing his  term  has  had  four  months  of  active  service.  A 
recent  attack  of  illness  has,  we  regret  to  state,  obliged 
him  to  resign  his  position,  which  has  been  filled  by  the 
election  of  Dr.  John  P.  Reynolds. 

Short  religious  services  have  been  held  on  the  prem- 
ises during  the  autumn    and    winter,   for  the  j)atients 


104  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

and  employes,  by  clergymen  of  various  denominations, 
and  have,  we  think,  exercised  a  very  beneficial  in- 
fluence. 

The  nucleus  of  a  library  has  been  formed  through 
the  kindness  of  donors,  whose  names  will  be  found  in 
the  Report  of  the  Superintendent.  Useful  and  enter- 
taining books,  tracts,  and  newpapers,  will  be  thank- 
fully received,  and  will  tend  to  instruct  and  beguile  the 
wearv  hours  of  manv  of  our  inmates.  It  not  unfre- 
quently  happens  that  discharged  patients  are  obliged  to 
leave  the  Hospital  with  insufficient  clothing,  having 
perhaps  expended  all  their  earnings  before  their  en- 
trance. It  would  be  a  deed  of  benevolence  to  create 
a  fund,  of  which  the  income  should  be  annually  de- 
voted to  this  object. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  physicians  and  sur- 
geons, the  North  Pavilion  has  been  devoted  exclusive- 
ly to  the  use  of  surgical  patients,  and  the  South  Pavil- 
ion to  medical  cases.  The  central  building  is  reserved 
for  patients  of  either  class,  who  require  more  ample  ac- 
commodations than  are  aff'orded  in  the  common  wards, 
and  by  persons  afl'ected  wdth  diseases  of  the  eye,  for  the 
treatment  of  which  the  upper  rooms  are  found  to  be 
specially  adapted.  Of  this  Department,  Dr.  Williams, 
Ophthalmic  Surgeon,  reports  that  a  large  number  of 
operations  have  been  performed,  and  that  many  cases 
have  been  relieved,  which,  without  treatment,  would 
have  terminated  in  blindness.  The  attendance  of  out- 
door patients  in  this  Department  has  been  from  twenty- 
flve  to  fifty  on  visiting  days,  and  the  number  is  rapidly 
increasing. 

Cases  are  often  admitted  which  cannot  be  properly 


FIRST    ANNUAL    REPORT.  105 

treated  in  either  of  these  Departments,  so  far  as  regards 
the  comfort  of  the  patients  themselves,  or  of  the  other 
inmates  of  the  ward.  On  this  account  we  would  call 
the  attention  of  the  City  Council  to  the  subject  of  the 
speedy  erection  of  a  building  of  moderate  dimensions,  to 
be  used  as  a  Foul  Ward.  There  are  at  almost  all  times 
in  such  a  hospital,  cases  of  delirium,  or  patients  affect- 
ed with  loathsome  diseases,  requiring  separation  for 
their  own  proper  treatment,  as  well  as  for  the  safety 
and  comfort  of  others. 

It  may  not  be  unnecessary  to  repeat  what  has  been 
so  often  stated,  that  this  is  not,  in  the  strict  sense  of  the 
word,  a  free  hospital.  It  is  free  to  those  industrious 
persons  who,  from  sickness  or  misfortune,  have  been 
temporarily  disabled,  and  who  can  on  recovery  main- 
tain themselves.  Neither  is  it  intended  for  the  recep- 
tion of  paupers,  for  whom  ample  accommodations  are 
provided  elsewhere.  It  is  designed  to  do  the  greatest 
good  to  the  greatest  possible  number,  and  for  this  rea- 
son, chronic  and  incurable  cases  which  would  speedily, 
and  permanently  fill  the  wards  are  not  received.  Ac- 
commodations for  this  class  are  greatly  needed,  and  we 
trust  the  time  is  not  distant,  when  private  charity  shall 
have  founded  an  Institution  for  this  object,  which  shall 
be  worthy   of   an  enlightened  and  liberal  community. 

We  take  pleasure  in  stating  that  the  most  kindly 
feeling  has  existed  between  the  officers  of  the  Massa- 
chusetts General  Hospital  and  ourselves,  and  we  wish 
to  express  to  them  our  sincere  thanks  for  the  repeated 
acts  of  courtesy  and  good  wdll  in  affording  facilities  for 
investigating  many  details  of  the  economy  and  manage- 
ment of  their  institution.  Having  one  and  the  same 
u 


106  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

beneficent  object  in  view,  the  relief  and  cure  of  the 
suffering  and  diseased,  there  is  no  reason  why  the 
utmost  harmony  and  good  feeling  should  not  continue 
to  exist. 

The  thanks  of  the  Trustees  are  due  to  the  physicians 
and  surgeons  of  the  Hospital,  for  their  faithful  attend- 
ance in  the  wards,  as  well  as  for  their  co-operation 
in  all  measures  affecting  the  interests  of  the  Institu- 
tion. 

Too  much  praise  cannot  be  awarded  to  our  Superin- 
tendent, L.  A.  Cutler,  Esq.,  for  the  zealous  and  faithful 
manner  in  which  he  has  discharged  his  duties,  and  for 
the  peculiar  skill  and  mechanical  ingenuity  which  he 
has  manifested  in  perfecting  the  apparatus  of  the 
Hospital. 

OTIS  NOECEOSS, 
GEO.  W.  WAEEEN, 
DAVID  H.  COOLIDGE, 
WILLIAM  CUMSTON, 
JOHN  T.  BEADLEE, 
WM.  E.  LAWEENCE, 
THEODOEE  METCALF, 
SUMNEE  CEOSBY, 

Trustees. 


REPORT  OF  THE   SUPERINTENDENT. 


Boston  City  Hospital,  December  31,  1864. 

Gentlemen  of  the  Board  of  Trustees:  — 

I  beg  leave  to  present  this  my  first  Anpual  Report, 
which  embraces  an  account  of  the  cost  of  furnishing 
the  Institution,  with  a  statement  of  the  current  ex- 
penses for  a  period  of  seven  months,  from  June  1  to 
December  31,  1864,  inclusive,  together  with  statistical 
tables  showing  the  number  of  surgical  and  medical 
cases  treated,  wdth  the  names  of  the  diseases,  and 
results. 

FIXTURES    AND    FURNITURE. 

Iron  Bedsteads $2,047  00 

Beds  and  Bedding      .          .          .          .          .          .  4,550  05 

Furniture 10,262  93 

Window  Shades  and  Mats  ....  2,36474 
Fixtures,  and  Furnishing  Apothecary  Department,  1,150  00 
Gas  Fixtures,  &c.  .  .  .  .  '  .  2,475  64 
Fixtures  and  Improvements  ....  3,008  85 
Trees,  Shrubs,  and  Grounds  .  .  .  .  426  50 
Telegraphic  Clocks  and  Electro  Magnetic  Watch- 
Clocks 978  50 

Hardware  and  Cutlery     ..          .          .          .  65253 


Amount  carried  forward    .  .  .  .  $27,91674 


108  CITY    HOSFITAL. 

Amount  hrouglit  forward 
Clothinoj  for  Patients 
Table  Linen  and  Towelling 
Horse,  Harness,  and  Carriages    . 
Incidental  Furnishing 
Labor       .  .  .  . 

Supplies,  Provisions,  &c. 
Fuel  and  Gas  .  .  .  . 

Tinware  and  Crockery     . 
Surgical  Instruments 
Silverware     ..... 


127,916 

74 

387 

50 

250 

00 

663 

00 

545 

98 

586 

71 

204 

52 

.      1,950 

00 

1,847 

77 

.      1,396 

59 

320 

89 

$36,069 

70 

SiBiMARY  OF  Expenses,  fkom  June  1  to  Dec.  31,  1864. 

Meat  and  Fish %  2,970  67 

Fruit  and  Vegetables           .          .          .          .          .  846  02 

Butter,  Chees(s  and  Eggs        .          .          .          .  1,184  83 

Groceries 2,229  25 

Milk,  Cocoa,  and  Shells           .          ...          ,.  1,137  69 

Bread  and  Flour         .          .          .          .          .          .  1,150  37 

Liquors,  Ale,  and  Porter          .          .          .          .  1,101  19 

Medicines          .......  2,216  91 

Salaries  and  Wages 6,087  52 

Books,  Printing,  and  Stationery             .          .          .  765  92 

Sundry  Supplies     .          ■,          .          ,          .          .  626  00 

Coal  and  Gas              ......  4,680  96 

Incidental  Expenses          .          .          .          .          .  350  89 

Compress  and  Bandages      .          .          .          .          .  189  24 


$25,537  46 
By  Coal,  Medicines,  and  other  Supplies  on   hand, 

January  1,  1865  ....  2,950  00 


$22,587  46 


FIRST    ANNUAL    REPORT.  109 
RECAPITULATION. 

Fixtures  and  Furniture         .          .          .          .  $3fi,069   70 

Summary  of  Expenses     .....  22,587  46 


Total  amount  .  ...         .  .         $58,657   16 

Cash  received  from  pay  Patients  from  June  1  to 

December  31,  1864  .  .  .         $2,000  36 

Bills  due  and  unpaid,  from  same  .  .  .  292  69 

$2,293  05 

STATISTICAL     STATEMENT. 

The  number  of  persons  having  made  application 
for  admittance  to  the  Hospital,  and  been 
visited  by  the  admitting  physician  .  .  459 

Of  this  number,  admitted  .  .  .  .  .         231 

Males  admitted 288 

Females  admitted       .  .  .  .  .  .      187 

Total  .  .  .  .  .  .       ■=—     475 

Discharged         .  .  .  .  .  .  .327 

Deaths  .......  47 

Remaining  in  Hospital  .....      101 

Total ,       475 

Out  Patients  treated  at  the  Hospital,  Medical  and 

Surgical           ......  195 

Out  Patients  treated  at  the  Hospital,  Ophthahnic,  176 

Total           .          .          .          .          .          .  — —     371 

Average  number  of  Patients,  new  and  old,  in 
attendance  upon  visiting  days  in  the  Oph- 
thahnic Department  ....        25 

Whole  number  of  Patients  treated  at  the  Hos- 
pital from  June  1  to  Dec.  31,  1864  .  846 


110  CIT\    HOSPITAL. 


NATIVITY    OF    PATIENTS    ADMITTED. 

Boston    .........  82 

Other  towns  In  Massachusetts         .          .          .          .  .61 

Other  States 71 

Ireland         ........  188 

EngLand            ........  24 

Other  Foreign  Countries        .          .          .    '      .          .  .30 

Nova  Scotia     ........  17 

Unknown              .          .          .          .          ...  .2 

Total              475 


REPORT 


OF  THE 

DISEASES  AND  THEIR  RESULTS,  EROM  JUNE  1  TO  DEC.  31,  1864. 

MEDICAL. 


ADMITTED. 

EISCHAEGED. 

o 

DISEASES. 

"a 

S 

"3 
o 

"3 

13 
> 

1 

•a 
> 

o 

a) 
S 

'5  J- 
1 

Acne  Rosacea  Syphilitica 

Albuminuria 

4 

4 
1 

1 
3 
1 
2 
2 

2 

1 
1 

2 
1 
1 

2 
4 

■    1 
4 
2 
4 
1 
1 
1 
3 
1 
2 
5 
1 
1 
2 

1 
5 
1 
1 
1 
1 
2 
6 
1 
1 

1 
1 
1 

1 

1 

1 
1 

2 
3 

1 
1 

2 
3 

2 
2 

2 

1 

1 

1 

4 
1 
4 

1 
1 
3 
1 
2 
5 
1 

2 
1 
5 
1 
1 
1 
1 
2 
5 
1 
1 

•• 

Amenorrhoea 

Alcoholismus 

1 

Anaesthesia 

Angina  Gang-renosa 

Aphonia 

1 

Apoplexy 

Arsenical  Poisonine  

Bright 's  Disease 

Bronchitis 

Cancer  of  Utsrus 

"        "  Ovaries 

"        "  Pylorus 

1 

Cerebritis 

Cholera  Morbus 

Chorea 

Cirrhosis . . 

Colica  Pictonum 

Congestion  of  Lungs 

Cystitis 

Debility 

1 

Delirium  Tremens 

Dropsy 

Amount  carried  foricard 

26 

2.3 

49 

16 

12 

2 

13 

45 

4 

112 


CITY    HOSPITAL, 


Report  of  Diseases  and  their  Results  from  June  1  to  Dec.  31,  1864. 

M.^T>\CXL.— Continued. 


DISEASES. 


Amount  brought  forward 

Dysentery , 

Dyspepsia 

Eczema 

* '        Impetigenodes , 

Enteritis  Puerperal 

Enuresis 

Epilepsy 

Erysipelas 

Erythema 

"        Nodosum 

"         tuberculatum 

"        papulatum 

Fever,  Typhoid 

"      Continued....  

"      Intermittent 

Hemiplegia 

Hepatitis 

Hypochondriasis 

Hysteria 

Neuralgia 

Ovaritis 

Paraplegia 

Peritonitis 

Phthisis 

Pleuritis 

Pleurodynia 

Pneumonia 


ADMITTED. 


26 
3 
3 
1 


Amount  carried  forward 


71 


23 
3 

2 

1 
1 
1 
1 
6 
2 
1 


11 


73 


49 
6 
5 
1 
1 
1 
1 
3 
7 
2 
1 
1 
1 

10 


1 
1 
1 

5 
1 
3 
1 
7 
1 
1 
16 


144 


DISCHAEGED. 


16 

5 
2 


CO 


12 


27 


13 
1 


25 


45 
6 
5 
1 
1 
1 
1 
3 
4 
1 
1 
1 

8 
5 
2 
5 
1 
1 
1 
4 


4 

1 

1 

13 


119 


FIRST    ANNUAL    REPORT. 


113 


Report  of  Diseases  and  their  Results  from  June  1  to  Deo,.  31,  1864. 

MEDIQKL.— Concluded. 


ADMITTED.              | 

DISCHARGED, 

o 

p 

DISEASES. 

"3 

i 

"3 
o 

1 

13 
o 

> 

1 

> 
.2 

1 

5 

'5  CO 
S 

o 

Amount  brought  forioard .... 

71 

73 

144 

60 

27 

7 

25 

119 

25 

Podagra 

2 

1 

2 
1 

1 

•• 

:: 

:: 

1 

1 

Prolapsus  Uteri 

1 

Rheumatism. 

16 
1 
1 

21 
6 

37 
1 

7 

15 
3 

9 
3 

1 
1 

1 

26 

7 

11 

Sciatica 

1 

Spanaemia 

Sypliilis,  Sec.  and  Tert'y 

2 

2 

4 

1 

2 

.. 

3 

1 

Threatened  Abortion 

.. 

2 

2 

.. 

.. 

•• 

•• 

• 

2 

Unknown 

.. 

1 

1 

.. 

1 

•• 

•• 

1 

•  • 

Variola 

1 

•• 

1 

•• 

•• 

1 

•• 

1 

Totals 

94 

106 

200 

80 

42 

10 

26 

158 

42 

]5 


114 


CITY    HOSPITAL. 


Reports  of  Diseases  and  their  Results,  from  June  1  to  Dec.  31,  1864. 

SURGICAL. 


DISEASES. 


Amputation,  accidental 

Abscess 

Aneurysme,  diflFused 

Apoplexy . , 

Arthritis  Chronica 

Atresia  Vaginae 

Burns 

Calculus  Vesicalis 

Carbuncle 

Caries 

Cicatrix  from  Burn 

Concussion  of  Brain 

"  "    Spinal  Cord 

Contraction  of  Biceps  Muscle 

Contusion 

Crushing,  with  laceration , 

Dislocation  of  Elbow 

"  "    Shoulder , 

"  "    Thumb,  compound. 

Enlargement  of  Uterus 

Epilepsy 

Fistula  in  Ano  

"      Vesico  Vaginalis 

'*       in  Perineo 

Fracture  of  Clavicle 

"         "    Bibs  

''         "        "    complicated 

"         "        "    compound 


ADMITTED. 


A  mount  carried  forward 47 


19 


DISCHARGED. 


3 

13 

1 

2 

1 

1 

8 

2 

1 

5 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

4 

1 

3 

1 

1 

1 

2 

1 

1 

2 

5 

1 

1 

66 


3       1 


25 


1 
1 
1      .. 


14 


Q   . 


49 


18 


FIRST    ANNUAL    REPORT. 


115 


Reports  of  Diseases  and  their  Results,  from  June  1  to  Dec.  31,  1864. 

'  SURGICAL.  —  Co?i/i)merf. 


DISEASES. 


Amount  brought  forioard • 

Fracture  into  Elbow  joint 

«'  "        "         "    compound 

"        of  Radius 

«'        "         "      at  Wrist 

"        <'         "      and  Ulna 

"        "Metacarpus  ■ 

"        "  Phalanges,  compound 

"        "  Femur,  Neck 

"        "       Shaft 

"        "        "compound 

"        into  Knee-joint 

'«  "         "        "     compound 

"        of  Tibia 

<'         <<      "     compound 

"         "      "    and  Fibula 

"         "      '<         "       compound 

"         "  Fibula 

"         "  Ankle 

"         "        "      compound 

"         "  Tarsus 

«  «'        "     and  Metatarsus,  comp'd. 

Hemorrhoids 

Harelip 

Hernia,  Crural,  Strangulated 

*'        Inguinal 

Ingrowing  Toe-nail 

Leucocy  tliemia 

Amount  carried  forward 


ADMITTED. 


84 


19 


35 


6G 
1 
1 
1 
4 
.3 
2 
1 
2 
6 
1 
1 
1 

1 
6 
3 
1 
1 
1 
2 
1 
3 
1 


DISCHARGED. 


119 


14 


29 


17 


11 


49 


81 


Q 


18 


36 


116 


CITY    HOSPITAL. 


Reports  of  Diseases  and  their  Results,  from  June  1  to  Dec.  31,  1864. 

SURGICAL.  —  Continued. 


ADMITTED. 

DISCHAKGED. 

o 
a 

w 

DISEASES. 

i 

-a 

CD 

_s> 

.S'-H 

lU 

3 

-• 

> 

u 

-a 

"3 

■5«3 

% 

Ph 

H 

29 

Z 

Q  • 

p 

Si 

R4 

m 

119 

17 

4 

11 

81 

an 

Alnnv  TTrartnros    

0 

6 

2 

3 

5 

1 

2 

2 

2 

2 

Morbus  Coxai'ius 

1 

4 

5 

.. 

3 

1 

4 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

S 

o 

10 

3 

4 

7 

3 

1 

1 

1 

1 

Orchitis 

5 

5 

3 

1 

.. 

5 

Ovarian  Dropsy 

.. 

1 

1 

•• 

1 

•• 

1 

.. 

Plilphitis 

2 

2 

1 

,  ^ 

2 

Polypus  Uteri 

2 

2 

1 

1 

•  • 

2 

.. 

Snrfl  ins 

n 

6 

2 

4 

6 

Scrofulous  Disease,  Knee 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

2 

1 

1 

2 

Stricture  of  Urethra 

1 

1 

1 

1 

Rtriif.lr  hv  v  Jo-litniiiff 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

4 

5 

2 

3 

5 

staphyloma,  anterior 

2 

2 

1 

1 

2 

Testicle    nialio"naut  disease 

1 
3 

1 

•• 

1 
3 
1 

1 
3 

1 

•• 

1 
3 
1 

"         Fibrous  deo'cneration 

"       Painful  Subcutaneous 

1 

1 

1 

1 

'*       Syphilitic  Gumnious 

1 

1 

1 

"        Tumor  Epithelial 

2 

2 

2 

2 

"        Encephaloid 

2 

2 

1 

1 

2 

"        Jlelanotic 

2 

2 

1 

1 

2 

"        Scirrhus 

1 

1 

39 

27 

1 
7 

17 

1 
141 

Amoimt  carried  forward 

52 

54 

186 

43 

FIRST    ANNUAL    REPORT. 


117 


Reports  of  Diseases  and  their  Results,  from  June  1  to  Dec.  31,  1864. 

SURGICAL.—  Concluded. 


DISEASES. 


Amount  brought  forward. 

Ulcers 

Unknown 

Vegetations ■ 

Wounds.  —  Incised  of  Axilla  . 
"  "         "    Scalp... 

"  <«         "    Thigh  . 

"  "  "    Throat. 

"        Lacei  at'.'d  of  Hand  . . . 
"  "  "  Head... 

"  "  "  Leg 

"  "  "  Neck  ... 

"  "  "  Scalp  . . . 

"        Gunshot  of  Abdomen. 
"  "         "  Face  .... 

"  "         "  Hand  .... 

"  "         "  Lung 

"  "         "  Flesh  .... 


Total . 


52 

10 

1 

1 
2 
1 
1 
4 
1 
2 
1 
3 
1 

1 
1 
3 

185 


68 


186 
19 
1 
1 
1 
4 
1 
2 
4 
1 
2 
1 
3 
1 
1 
1 
1 
3 

233 


DISCHARGED. 


39 


46 


17 


17 


20 


141 

12 

1 

1 
4 
1 
2 
4 


1 
3 
1 
1 

1 
3 

176 


55 


118 


CITY    HOSPITAL. 


EEPORT  OF  OPHTHALMIC   DEPAETMENT. 


NATURE  OF  OPERATIONS. 

1^ 

S 

"3 

O 

1 

o 
o 

d 
CO 

1 

o 

a 
P 

-a* 

Cataract 

16 
3 
1 

10 

2 

12 
1 

28 
3 
1 

11 

2 

22 
3 

1 
,   10 

2 

3 

1 
4 

3 

Enucleation 

"          by  Critchett's  method 

Iridectomy 

Iridesis 

•• 

Total 

32 

13 

45 

38 

3 

FIRST    ANNUAL    REPORT. 


119 


TABLE  or  ACCIDENTS. 

NATURE    OF    INJURY. 

Amputation,  accidental 

Apoplexy 

Burns 

Concussion  of  Brain . .  -. 

"  "  Spinal  Cord 

Contusion 

Dislocation  of  Elbow 

"  "  Shoulder 

•'  "  Thumb,  compound 

"  "Fingers  "  

Crushing,  with  laceration,  fingers 

Hand 

Fracture  of  Clavicle 

"         "  JRibs 

"         "  Humerus 

"         "  "         compound 

"        into  Elbow-joint 

"  "  "         "    compound 

"         of  Radius 

"         "        "      at  Wrist 

"         "         "      and  Ulna 

"         "  Metacarpus 

"         "  Femur,  Neck 

Amounts  carried  forward 


Male. 

Female. 

2 

1 

•• 

2 

3 

1 

•• 

1 

•• 

1 

•• 

2 

•• 

2 

1 

2 

•• 

1 

•• 

1 

.. 

2 

•- 

1 

3 

4 

2 

3 

4 

1 

2 

1 

2 

2 

1 

4 

•• 

1 

1 

41 

13 

120 


CITY    HOSPITAL. 


TABLE  or  ACCIDENTS.  —  Continued. 


NATURE  OF  INJURY. 


Amounts  hroiigld  forward 

Eracture  of  Femur,  Shaft 

"         "         '<  "     compound 

*'        into  Knee-joint 

«'  "         "        "     compound 

'•         of  Tibia,  compound 

"  "       "       and  Eibula 

««  "       "         "         "      compound 

"  "  Fibula ' 

"  "  Ankle 

"  "       "      compound 

"         Collis' 

"  Metatarsus  and  Phalanges  of  Foot. 


Sprain . 


Attempted   Suicide 

Strangulated  Crural  Hernia 

Wounds. 

"         Gunshot  of  Hand 

«'  "         "   Thigh 

"  "         "   Abdomen 

"  "         "  Lung 

"        ''  Gluteal  Region 

"        Incised  of  Axilla 


Male. 


Amounts  carried  forward . 


41 
5 
1 
1 
1 
2 
4 
7 
2 
1 

4 
1 

2 


82 


13 
3 


Total. 


54 
8 
1 
1 
1 
2 
5 
7 


1 

5 

•  • 

1 

•  • 

2 

2 

5 

2 

2 

1 

2 

1 

1 

1 

1 

25 

107 

FIRST    ANNUAL    REPORT. 


121 


TABLE  or  ACCIDENTS.  —  Concluded. 


NATURE  OF  INJURY. 


Amoiiyiis  brought  forward. 

"Wounds.  —  Incised  of  Scalp 

"  Throat 

Lacerated  Hand 


Leer 


Thigh  . 
Scalp . . 
Ear  . . . 
Thumb 


Epilepsy. 


Total. 


Male. 


82 

7 
2 
3 
2 


10 


Female. 


Total . 


25  1  107 
1 


2 


28 


129 


16 


122 


CITY    HOSPITAL. 


TABLE   OF  OPEEATIONS. 

NATURE  OF  OPERATIONS. 

Amputation  of  Arm 

"  "Shoulder-joint.... 

a  «'  Eore  Arm 

"  "-Fingers 

"  "  Thumb 

"  "  Thigh 

"  "  Leg 

*'  "  Toes 

Atresia  Vaginae,  artificial  passage 

Bullet  removed • 

Circumcision 

Dislocation,  reduction  shoulder-joint 

"  *'  elbow-joint 

Fistula  in  Ano 

Harelip,  plastic  operation 

Hemorrhoids 

Hydrocele,  radical  cure  by  injection 

"  by  opening  Scrotum 

Hernia  Inguinal,  radical  cure  by  Wood's  method 

Hernia  Crural  Strangulated 

Minor  operations 

Naevus 

Necrosis,  operation  for  removal 

Amounts  carried  forivard 


Males. 

Female 

3 

3 

•• 

1 

•• 

4 

•• 

3 

•• 

8 

1 

5 

1 

•• 

•• 

1 

2  ' 

•• 

1 

•• 

2 

1 

1 

•• 

2 

1 

1 

•• 

2 

1 

1 

•• 

1 

•• 

5 

•• 

•• 

2 

18 

3 

.. 

1 

6 

•• 

72 

11 

Total. 

3 
3 
1 
4 
3 
9 
5 
1 
1 
2 
1 
8 
1 
3 
1 
3 
1 
1 
6 
2 
21 
1 
6 

81 


FIRST    ANNUAL    REPORT. 


123 


TABLE     OF   OPERATIONS.  —  (7owcZMc?ec?. 


NATURE  OF  OPERATIONS. 


Amounts  carried  forivard- 

Paracentesis   Ovarii 

**  Thoracis 

Polypus  Uteri 

Resection    of  Knee 

Section  of  old  cicatrix  of  Burn. 

Suture  of  wound  of  Trachea . 

Talipes  Varus 

Tumors  Epithelial 

*'       Encysted 

'*       Encephaloid 

"       Glandular 

•*       Melanotic 

"        Painful  Subcutaneous... 

"        Testicle  Removed 

Tracheotomy 

Vesico  Vaginal  Fistula 


Total 


Male. 

72 

Female 

11 

•• 

1 

1 

•• 

•• 

2 

1 

1 

1 

•• 

•• 

1 

3 

2 

1 

1 

1 

2 

•• 

1 

4 

•• 

1 

1 

•• 

1 

90 

19 

Total. 

81 
1 
1 
2 
2 
1 
1 
3 
2 
1 
1 
1 
2 

1 
4 

2 
1 

107 


124 


CITY    HOSPITAL. 


SUKGICAL   DEPARTMENT. 
Table  op  Deaths  from  June  1  to  December  31,  1864. 


CAUSE   OF  DEATH. 


Asphyxia 

Apoplexy 

Burn 

Encephaloid 

Gunshot  Wound 

Phlebitis 

Fracture  Femur,  compound 

"       of  many  bones 

"         '*  Leg,  compound 

"         "  Elbow-joint,  with  laceration 

Peritonitis 

Suicide 

Hemiplegia 


Male. 


Total 


1 
1 

1 
1 
1 
1 
3 
2 
1 
1 
2 
1 

16 


Female 


Total. 


2 
3 
2 
1 
3 
2 
1 

20 


FIRST    ANNUAL    REPORT. 


125 


MEDICAL  DEPARTMENT. 
Table  of  Deaths  from  June  1  to  December  31,  1864. 

CAUSE   OF  DEATH. 


Albuminuria 

Alcoholismus 

Apoplexy 

Bright's  Disease... 
Cancer  of  Pylorus. 

Cirrhosis 

Delirium  Tremens. 
Disease  of  Heart. . 

Dysentery 

Enteritis  Puerperal 

Epilepsy 

Fever,  continued  . . 

Hemiplegia 

Neuralgia 

Phthisis 

Pneumonia 

Rheumatism 


Total. 


Male. 

Female 

2 

3 

■• 

2 

•• 

2 

•• 

2 

•• 

1 

•• 

1 

•• 

•• 

1 

1 

•• 

•• 

1 

2 

.. 

1 

•. 

2 

•• 

•• 

1 

•• 

2 

•• 

2 

•• 

1 

19 

8 

2 
3 
2 
2 
2 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
2 

1 
2 
1 
2 
2 
1 

27 


126  CITY    HOSPITAL. 

The  foregoing  tables  present  a  synopsis  of  the  results  for  the 
seven  months,  during  which  the  Hospital  has  been  open  to  the 
public.  A  large  number  of  patients  have  been  treated  in  the 
Institution  during  this  time ;  most  of  whom  were  for  accidents 
and  acute  diseases.  The  total  number  of  patients  treated  in  the 
Hospital  is  four  hundred  and  seventy-five.  The  total  number 
of  medical,  surgical,  and  ophthalmic  out  patients  is  three  hun- 
dred and  seventy-one.  Thus,  the  whole  number  of  patients 
treated  at  the  Institution  Is  eight  hundred  and  forty- six.  The 
number  of  patients  who  have  died  at  the  Hospital  Is  forty-seven  ; 
many  of  these  were  brought  to  the  Hospital  In  a  dying  condi- 
tion in  consequence  of  severe  accidents.  Two  hundred  and 
fifteen  patients  have  been  discharged  well,  and  ninety-two  re- 
lieved. 

In  presenting  the  above  Report,  I  trust  I  may  be  permitted  to 
congratulate  your  Board  upon  the  success  which  has  attended  the 
labors  of  the  several  Departments  during  the  time  which  they  have 
been  In  operation.  Nor  should  I  do  justice  to  my  own  feelings, 
did  I  not  make  acknowledgments  for  the  uniform  kindness  and 
respect  which  have  been  manifested  towards  me  by  the  profes  - 
slonal  gentlemen  connected  with  the  Hospital,  In  my  efforts  to 
promote  its  interest  and  welfare.  It  has  given  me  much  pleas- 
ure to  witness  the  earnestness  with  which  they  have  discharged 
the  many  and  arduous  duties  which  have  devolved  upon  them. 
In  addition  to  his  valuable  services  as  ophthalmic  surgeon,  Dr. 
Williams  has  presented  the  Hospital  with  a  beautiful  French 
Skeleton. 

During  the  last  few  months  many  valuable  donations  have 
been  made  to  the  Hospital  Library.  We  are  Indebted  to  Dr. 
Silas  Durkee,  Dr.  J.  N.  Borland,  Dr.  W.  E.  Coale,  and  others, 
for  valuable  donations  of  standard  medical  works  and  plates. 

A  library  of  general  reading  for  the  use  of  patients  has  also 
been  commenced  through  the  liberality  of  Messrs.  Little  & 
Brown,  Ticknor  &  Fields,  Walker,  Wise,  &  Co.,  A.  Wilhams 
&   Co.,    T.   O.    H.   P.   Burnham,   Lee    &    Shepard,  W.  W. 


FIRST    ANNUAL    REPORT.  127 

Clapp,  jr.,  T.  C.  Amoiy,  jr.,  Chas.  H.  Appleton,  C.  F.  Dana, 
Edwin  Story,  and  others. 

In  conclusion,  permit  me  to  thank  the  members  of  your 
Board,  for  their  kind  consideration  of  my  efforts  to  bring  to  a 
successful  Issue  the  duties  and  trust  with  w^hlch  they  have  In- 
vested me ;  and  which,  with  the  assistance  of  Divine  Provi- 
dence, I  have  earnestly  endeavored  to  fulfil. 

Respectfully  submitted, 

LUCIUS  A.  CUTLER,   SuperiiUendent. 


BEQUESTS. 


Elisha  Goodnow  of  Boston,  by  will  dated  July  12,  1849,  makes  the 
city  of  Boston  residuary  legatee  to  his  estate,  real  and  personal,  for  the 
benefit  of  a  City  Hospital.  Provided,  That  one  half  of  the  proceeds 
shall  be  applied  to  the  establishment  and  perpetual  maintenance  oifree 
beds  under  the  control  of  the  government  and  officers  of  the  said  Hospi- 
tal for  the  time  being. 

The  following  sums  of  money  have  been  received :  — 

1862,  June  9.       From  executor's  balance  of  account  at 

Probate  Office $    623  85 

1864r,  April  14.     Proceeds  of  sale  of  estate   on   Cross 
Street,  containing  6,228  square  feet  land  1 14,907  12 
Old  buildings  upon  same     .         .         .  223  00 

1864,  December  31.  From  city  of  Boston 
for  225  square  feet  of  land  taken  from 
above  estate  to  widen  Cross  Street       .  523  36     15,653  48 

1864,  July  1.     Interest  on  same  from  city  to  this  date     .  222  67 

$  16,500  00 

1864,  July  1.  In  accordance  with  the  City  Ordinance  establishing 
the  Hospital,  the  above  amount,  say  %  16,500,  has  been  invested  in  city 
scrip,  dated  July  1,  1864,  twenty  years'  interest  semi-annually,  at  six 
per  cent  per  annum,  and  deposited  with  the  City  Auditor,  who  is 
required  to  receive  the  interest  upon  the  said  scrip,  and  add  the  same  to 
the  moneys  appropriated  for  the  use  of  the  Hospital. 

1865,  January.  A  lot  of  land  being  a  part  of  the  bequest  of  Mr. 
Goodnow,  situated  upon  Third  Street,  South  Boston,  has  not  as  yet 
been  converted  into  money.  The  lot  originally  contained  7,700  square 
feet.     The  New  York  Central  Railroad  located  their  track  upon  a  por- 


FIRST    ANNUAL    REPORT.  129 

tion  of  this  land,  taking  a  strip  5  feet,  8  inches  wide,  by  100  feet 
long,  containing  6,683  square  feet.  No  settlement  has  yet  been  made 
with  the  railroad  corporation  for  damages. 

1865,  January.  A  strip  of  land  on  the  westerly  side  of  the  above, 
measuring  15  feet,  2  inches,  by  100  feet,  is  yet  in  possession  of  the 
city,  and  should  he  sold  as  soon  as  convenient. 

1865,  January-  The  $  10,000  deposited  by  the  Executors  of  Mr. 
Goodnow,  June  22,  1852,  with  the  Massachusetts  Hospitable  Life  In- 
surance Company,  the  interest  upon  which  is  to  be  paid  to  the  widow, 
will,  upon  her  decease,  be  distributed  as  follows :  — 

$  500  to  the  Farm  School 

$  5,000  to  city  of  Boston,  income  to  be  expended  for  the  relief  of 
sick  and  infirm  persons. 

$  4,500  to  be  added  to  the  fund  heretofore  provided  for  the  support 
of  free  beds  in  the  City  Hospital.'-'' 

Lawrence  Nichols  of  Boston,  by  will  dated  August  19,  1862,  and 
recorded  Suffolk  Eegistry  of  AV ills,  volume  160,  folio  140,  bequeathed 
to  the  city  of  Boston  towards  the  support  of  a  City  Hospital,  the  sum  of 
one  thousand  dollars. 

1863,  April  29.  The  Executor  of  Mr.  Nichols  paid  the  €ity  Treasurer 
$  1,000  less  the  United  States  tax  .  .  ,  .  $  937  25 
The  city  of  Boston  paid  interest  on  same         .         .  62  75 


$  1,000  00 


1864,  July  1.  The  above  amount,  say  f  1,000,  has  been  invested  in 
city  of  Boston  scrip,  dated  July  1,  1864,  twenty  years,  with  six  per  cent 
interest,  payable  semi-annually,  and  deposited  with  the  City  Auditor 
as  required  by  Ordinance. 

1865,  January.  The  residue  of  Mr,  Nichols's  estate,  after  paying 
his  bequest,  is  to  be  divided  ameng  the  several  legatees  in  the  United 
States,  according  to  their  several  amounts. 

The  City  Hospital  will  receive  about   $  500. 

*  Plans,  copy  of  the  will,  and  other  papers,  are  on  file  with  the  Secretary  of 
the  Board  of  Trustees. 

17 


MEDICAL  AND  SURGICAL  STAFF. 


CONSULTING  PHYSICIANS   AND    SURGEONS. 


S.    D.    TOWNSEND,    M.  D. 

Edward  Reynolds,  M.  D. 
WiNSLOw  Lewis,  M.  D. 


John  Jeffries,  M.  D. 
Silas  Durkee,  M.  D. 
A.  A.  Gould,  M.  D. 


VISITING  PHYSICIANS. 


Wm.  W.  Morland,  M.  D. 
Fitch  Ed.  Oliver,  M.  D. 
J.  Baxter  Upham,  M.  D. 


J.  K  Borland,  M.  D. 

J.  G.  Blake,  M.  D. 

John  V.  Reynolds,  M.  D. 


VISITING   SURGEONS. 


C.  H.  Stedman,  M.  D. 

C.  E.  Buckingham,  M.  D. 

D.  McB.  Thaxter,  Jr.  M.  D. 


Charles  D.  Homans,  M.  D. 
Algernon  Coolidge,  M.  D. 
David  W.  Cheever,  M.  D. 


OPHTHALMIC   SURGEON.  —  Henry  W.   AVilliams,  M.  D. 

ADMITTING  PHYSICIAN.  —  Howard  F.  Damon,  M.  D. 

PATHOLOGIST.  —  Charles  W.  Swan,  M.  D. 

RESIDENT   GRADUATE   PHYSICIANS. 
John  Dole,  M.  D.  |  C.  J.  Blake. 

RESIDENT   GRADUATE   SURGEONS. 
M.  F.  Gavin,  M.  D.  |  D.  F.  Lincoln,  M.  D. 

EXTERNE   IN   OPHTHALMIC   DEPARTMENT. 
Ed.  G.  Loring,  M.  D. 


TRUSTEES  FOR  1863-4. 

Aldermen  — THOMAS  C.  AMORY,  Jr.,  President. 
OTIS  NORCROSS. 

CouNCiLMEN— JOSEPH  BUCKLEY, 
LUCIUS  A.  CUTLER, 
DAVID  H.  COOLIDGE,  Secretary. 

At  Large  — THEODORE  METCALF,  for  three  years. 
SUMNER  CROSBY,  for  two  years. 
WILLIAM  R.  LAWRENCE,  for  one  year. 


TRUSTEES  FOR  1864-5 

Aldermen  —  OTIS  NORCROSS,  President. 
GEORGE  W. WARREN. 

Councilmen  —  WILLIAM  CUMSTON, 
JOHN  T.  BRADLEE, 
DAVID  H.  COOLIDGE,  Secretary. 

At  Large  — THEODORE  METCALF, 
SUMNER  CROSBY, 
WILLIAM  R.  LAWRENCE,  for  three  years. 


TRUSTEES  FOR  1865-6. 

Aldermen  —  N.  C.  NASH, 

THOMAS  GAFFIELD. 

Councilmen  —  SUMNER  CROSBY, 

M.  W.  RICHARDSON, 
WALBRIDGE  A.  FIELD, 

At  Large  — JOHN  T.  BRADLEE,   Secretary. 
*OTIS   NORCROSS,   President. 
THEODORE  METCALF. 


LUCIUS  A.  CUTLER,  Supbrintendemt. 

*  Mr.  Lawrence  having  resigned,  Mr.  Norcross  was  chosen  to  fill  his  unex- 
pired term. 


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NOV  2  5 

1993 

'^^^f^ll 

MAE  1  ^ 

i^'ism 

ttiLi    1  Q 

JAN   I  ^ 

OCT  -  q  :i 

30 

1 

GAVLORD 

PRINTEDIN  U.S.A. 

iS^SO 


BOSTON  COLLEGE 


3  9031  0149714 


0 


EA 
932 

•B7 

G5 

1865 


BOSTON.. 


Bapst  Library 

Boston  College 
Chestnut  Hill,  Mass.  02167 


